{ "meta": { "party_name": { "ru": "РААМ — Объединённый арабский список (United Arab List)", "en": "Ra'am — United Arab List" }, "country": { "ru": "Израиль", "en": "Israel" }, "election_context": { "ru": "Выборы в 26-й Кнессет (2026)", "en": "26th Knesset election (2026)" }, "research_date": { "ru": "2026-10-15", "en": "2026-10-15" }, "overall_confidence": { "ru": "medium", "en": "medium" }, "data_completeness_percent": 78, "language_of_dossier": "ru/en", "source_tier_policy": { "ru": "Приоритет первичным источникам высокой достоверности: Кнессет и ЦИК (high). Израильские и международные СМИ и исследовательские институты — средняя достоверность (medium). Wikipedia — низкая достоверность (low). ВАЖНО: лидер РААМа Мансур Аббас (депутат Кнессета) — иное лицо, чем глава Палестинской администрации Махмуд Аббас; материалы о последнем в досье не используются. Эмоциональные эпитеты не цитируются; оценки атрибутируются конкретным источникам.", "en": "Priority to high-credibility primary sources: Knesset and Central Elections Committee (high). Israeli and international media and research institutes — medium credibility. Wikipedia — low credibility. IMPORTANT: Ra'am leader Mansour Abbas (MK) is a different person from Palestinian Authority head Mahmoud Abbas; materials on the latter are not used in this dossier. Emotional epithets are not quoted; assessments are attributed to specific sources." } }, "overview": { "official_name": { "ru": "ха-Решима ха-Аравит ха-Меухедет — Объединённый арабский список (РААМ, רע\"מ)", "en": "HaReshima HaAravit HaMeuhedet — United Arab List (Ra'am, רע\"מ)" }, "short_name_abbreviation": { "ru": "РААМ (бюллетень: ד)", "en": "Ra'am (ballot: ד)" }, "founded_year": 1996, "ideology_self_described": [ { "ru": "гражданская повестка арабских граждан Израиля", "en": "civil agenda of Arab citizens of Israel", "ru_en": "a civic agenda for Israel's Arab citizens" }, { "ru": "социально-экономическое равенство", "en": "socioeconomic equality", "ru_en": "socio-economic equality" }, { "ru": "признание арабов национальным меньшинством", "en": "recognition of Arabs as a national minority", "ru_en": "recognition of Arabs as a national minority" }, { "ru": "консервативные социальные ценности", "en": "conservative social values", "ru_en": "conservative social values" } ], "ideology_external_classification": [ { "ru": "исламистская и социально-консервативная (характеристика IDI, ECFR и Wikipedia)", "en": "Islamist and socially conservative (characterization by IDI, ECFR, and Wikipedia)", "ru_en": "Islamist and socially conservative (as characterized by IDI, ECFR and Wikipedia)" }, { "ru": "политическое крыло Южной ветви Исламского движения в Израиле", "en": "political wing of the Southern Branch of the Islamic Movement in Israel", "ru_en": "the political wing of the Southern Branch of the Islamic Movement in Israel" } ], "current_status": "opposition", "neutral_one_line_summary": "Исламистская и социально-консервативная партия арабских граждан Израиля (5 мандатов в уходящем 25-м Кнессете) во главе с Мансуром Аббасом. 12 июля Аббас заявил, что РААМ пойдёт отдельно от союза Хадаш-Тааль-Балад; окончательный список ожидает утверждения ЦИК.", "neutral_one_line_summary_en": "Islamist and socially conservative party of Arab citizens of Israel (5 seats in the outgoing 25th Knesset) led by Mansour Abbas. On July 12, Abbas said Ra'am would run separately from the Hadash-Ta'al-Balad alliance; the final slate remains pending CEC approval.", "sources": [ "S16" ] }, "leadership": { "current_leader": { "name": "Мансур Аббас", "role": "Председатель партии", "role_en": "Party Chairman", "since": "2019-01-01", "short_background": "Стоматолог по профессии; возглавляет РААМ. В 2021 году стал первым за более чем полвека лидером независимой арабской партии, вошедшим в израильское правительство. Был министром без портфеля в правительстве Беннета–Лапида (июнь 2021 — декабрь 2022). Придерживается прагматичной линии участия в институтах; заявлял, что Израиль останется еврейским государством — позиция, вызвавшая споры в его электорате.", "short_background_en": "Dentist by profession; leads Ra'am. In 2021, he became the first leader of an independent Arab party in over half a century to enter an Israeli government. Served as Minister without Portfolio in the Bennett-Lapid government (June 2021 – December 2022). Adheres to a pragmatic line of institutional participation; stated that Israel will remain a Jewish state — a position that caused controversy within his electorate.", "name_en": "Mansour Abbas" }, "key_figures": [ { "name": "Валид Таха", "role": "Депутат Кнессета", "role_en": "Knesset Member", "name_en": "Walid Taha" }, { "name": "Иман Хатиб-Ясин", "role": "Депутат Кнессета (первая женщина-депутат в хиджабе)", "role_en": "Knesset Member (first hijab-wearing female MK)", "name_en": "Iman Khatib-Yasin" }, { "name": "Валид Альхвашла", "role": "Депутат Кнессета", "role_en": "Knesset Member", "name_en": "Walid Alhwashla" } ], "full_member_list": { "note": "Список 5 депутатов фракции РААМ в 25-м Кнессете по базе проекта. Требует сверки с официальной страницей фракций Кнессета (S13). В 2026 году велись переговоры о восстановлении объединённого арабского списка, при этом Аббас добивался «технического» характера блока, позволяющего РААМу при необходимости отделиться после выборов и отдельно войти в коалицию. Окончательный список кандидатов на 2026 год будет известен после утверждения ЦИК. Обновление на 1 октября 2026: Список 2026 года — Мансур Аббас, Йоав Сегалович, Валид Таха, Валид аль-Хаушла, Иман Хатиб-Ясин — 23 сентября отстранён ЦИК и 27 сентября утверждён лишь условно (буквы עם) до решения Верховного суда. 2 октября Верховный суд единогласно отменил отстранение.", "note_en": "List of 5 MKs of the Ra'am faction in the 25th Knesset according to the project database. Requires verification against the official Knesset factions page (S13). In 2026, negotiations were held to restore the joint Arab list, with Abbas seeking a 'technical' block that allows Ra'am to split if necessary after the election and separately join a coalition. The final list of candidates for 2026 will be known after the CEC approves them. Update, October 1, 2026: The 2026 list — Mansour Abbas, Yoav Segalovitz, Walid Taha, Waleed Alhwashla, Iman Khatib-Yassin — was barred by the CEC on September 23 and approved only conditionally on September 27 (letters עם), pending the Supreme Court. On October 2 the Supreme Court unanimously overturned the ban.", "members": [ { "name": "Мансур Аббас", "role": "Председатель партии", "role_en": "Party Chairman", "name_en": "Mansour Abbas" }, { "name": "Валид Таха", "role": "Депутат Кнессета", "role_en": "Knesset Member", "name_en": "Walid Taha" }, { "name": "Валид Альхвашла", "role": "Депутат Кнессета", "role_en": "Knesset Member", "name_en": "Walid Alhwashla" }, { "name": "Иман Хатиб-Ясин", "role": "Депутат Кнессета", "role_en": "Knesset Member", "name_en": "Iman Khatib-Yasin" }, { "name": "Яссер Худжират", "role": "Депутат Кнессета", "role_en": "Knesset Member", "name_en": "Yasser Hujirat" } ], "sources": [ "S13", "S1" ] } }, "political_position": { "left_right_axis": null, "authoritarian_libertarian_axis": { "ru": "Социально-консервативная (исламистская) по культурным вопросам; в гражданско-экономической сфере добивается равенства и государственных инвестиций для арабской общины.", "en": "Socially conservative (Islamist) on cultural issues; in civic-economic matters seeks equality and state investment for the Arab community." }, "pro_eu_vs_eurosceptic": null, "stance_toward_russia": "Партия не публиковала позиции по российско-украинской войне; законодательная деятельность полностью внутренняя и сосредоточена на вопросах арабской общины (по состоянию на 2026).", "spectrum_notes": "РААМ выпадает из стандартной лево-правой шкалы: он исламистский и социально-консервативный по культурным вопросам, но прагматичный и ориентированный на гражданско-экономическое равенство в институциональной политике. Это сочетание иногда ставило его в противоречие с более светскими арабскими партиями.", "spectrum_notes_en": "Ra'am falls outside the standard left-right spectrum: it is Islamist and socially-conservative on cultural issues, but pragmatic and oriented toward civil-economic equality in institutional politics. This combination has sometimes put it at odds with more secular Arab parties.", "stance_toward_russia_en": "The party has published no position on the Russia-Ukraine war; its legislative activity is entirely domestic and focused on Arab-community issues (as of 2026)." }, "priorities": [ { "topic": "Жильё и инфраструктура арабских общин", "stated_position": "Государственные инвестиции в инфраструктуру, легализация непризнанных (в т.ч. бедуинских) деревень, урегулирование кризиса самовольного строительства.", "stated_position_en": "State investment in infrastructure, legalization of unrecognized (including Bedouin) villages, and regulating the unauthorized construction crisis.", "fact_or_claim": "party_claim", "sources": [ "S1", "S3" ], "topic_en": "Housing and infrastructure in Arab communities" }, { "topic": "Борьба с преступностью", "stated_position": "Увеличение государственных усилий против рекордного уровня насильственной преступности в арабской общине.", "stated_position_en": "Increasing state efforts against the record level of violent crime in the Arab community.", "fact_or_claim": "fact", "sources": [ "S3", "S11" ], "topic_en": "Fighting crime" }, { "topic": "Признание национальным меньшинством и равенство", "stated_position": "Признание арабских граждан национальным меньшинством и сокращение разрывов в образовании, занятости и услугах.", "stated_position_en": "Recognition of Arab citizens as a national minority and reducing gaps in education, employment, and services.", "fact_or_claim": "party_claim", "sources": [ "S1" ], "topic_en": "National-minority recognition and equality" } ], "program_and_plan": { "summary": "Объединённый арабский список — исламистская, социально-консервативная партия, ориентированная на гражданско-экономические интересы арабских граждан Израиля. Под руководством Мансура Аббаса проводит прагматичную линию участия в институтах. 12 июля Аббас заявил, что на выборах 2026 года РААМ пойдёт отдельно от союза Хадаш-Тааль-Балад; окончательный список ожидает утверждения ЦИК.", "summary_en": "The United Arab List is an Islamist, socially conservative party focused on the civic-economic interests of Arab citizens of Israel. Under Mansour Abbas, it pursues a pragmatic line of institutional participation. On July 12, Abbas said Ra'am would run separately from the Hadash-Ta'al-Balad alliance in 2026; the final slate remains pending CEC approval.", "key_pledges": [ { "pledge": "Добиться государственных инвестиций в арабские общины и легализации непризнанных деревень", "pledge_en": "Secure state investments in Arab communities and the legalization of unrecognized villages", "policy_area": "инфраструктура / жильё", "specificity": "concrete", "sources": [ "S3", "S1" ], "policy_area_en": "infrastructure / housing" }, { "pledge": "Снизить уровень насильственной преступности в арабской общине", "pledge_en": "Reduce the level of violent crime in the Arab community", "policy_area": "внутренняя безопасность", "specificity": "concrete", "sources": [ "S11", "S3" ], "policy_area_en": "domestic security" }, { "pledge": "Поддержать создание палестинского государства дипломатическим путём и равенство арабских граждан", "pledge_en": "Support the creation of a Palestinian state through diplomatic means and ensure equality for Arab citizens", "policy_area": "национальные вопросы", "specificity": "vague", "sources": [ "S7", "S8" ], "policy_area_en": "national-status issues" } ] }, "positions_on_key_topics": [ { "topic": "other", "position": "ГРАЖДАНСКАЯ ПОВЕСТКА АРАБСКОЙ ОБЩИНЫ — профильная тема партии. Реализация: в правительстве 2021–2022 РААМ добился плана государственных инвестиций в арабские общины (по данным, около 9,4 млрд долларов на занятость, здравоохранение, жильё и инфраструктуру и ещё около 1 млрд на борьбу с преступностью), признания ряда бедуинских деревень в Негеве и подключения тысяч ранее незаконных домов к электросетям. Аргумент сторонников: прагматичное участие в коалиции принесло арабской общине беспрецедентные бюджеты и конкретные результаты. Критика: часть других арабских партий и активистов считает такую линию легитимацией без решения вопросов национальных прав. Предложение: дальнейшие государственные инвестиции, легализация деревень и сокращение социально-экономических разрывов.", "position_en": "Arab Community Civil Agenda — the party's core topic. Implementation: In the 2021–2022 government, Ra'am secured a plan for massive state investments in Arab communities (reportedly around 9.4 billion dollars for employment, health, housing, and infrastructure, plus about 1 billion for fighting crime), recognition of several Bedouin villages in the Negev, and the connection of thousands of previously unauthorized homes to the power grid. Supporters' argument: Pragmatic participation in the coalition brought the Arab community unprecedented budgets and concrete results. Criticism: Some other Arab parties and activists believe this line legitimizes the government without addressing national rights. Proposal: Further state investments, village legalization, and reducing socio-economic gaps.", "as_of_date": "2026-01-01", "reliability": "verified", "sources": [ "S3", "S5" ] }, { "topic": "other", "position": "ПРЕСТУПНОСТЬ В АРАБСКОЙ ОБЩИНЕ — приоритет партии. Реализация: партия в оппозиции добивается усиления государственных мер; кризис насильственной преступности в арабских населённых пунктах остаётся острым (2025 год — рекордное число жертв убийств среди арабских граждан). Критика партии в адрес государства: недостаточные усилия полиции и государства. Предложение: государственные инвестиции, полицейские и социальные меры против организованной преступности.", "position_en": "Crime in the Arab Community — party priority. Implementation: The party, in opposition, advocates for stronger state measures; the violent crime crisis in Arab localities remains acute (2025 saw a record number of murder victims among Arab citizens). Party criticism of the state: Insufficient police and state efforts. Proposal: State investments, police, and social measures against organized crime.", "as_of_date": "2026-01-01", "reliability": "verified", "sources": [ "S11", "S3" ] }, { "topic": "palestine", "position": "ПАЛЕСТИНСКИЙ ВОПРОС. Реализация: партия поддерживает создание палестинского государства и равенство арабских граждан Израиля. Позиция/заявления: Мансур Аббас осудил нападение 7 октября 2023 года как «бесчеловечный и неоправданный акт», не представляющий палестинский народ; в декабре 2023 призвал вооружённые палестинские группы сложить оружие и перейти к дипломатическому проекту с Палестинской администрацией ради палестинского государства (позднее смягчил формулировку о разоружении); при этом заявлял, что Израиль останется еврейским государством. Критика: эти прагматичные позиции вызывали споры в его электорате и со стороны более радикальных сил. Предложение: палестинское государство через дипломатию и прекращение вооружённой борьбы.", "position_en": "Palestinian Issue. Implementation: The party supports the creation of a Palestinian state and equality for Arab citizens of Israel. Position/Statements: Mansour Abbas condemned the October 7, 2023 attack as an 'inhumane and unjustifiable act' that does not represent the Palestinian people; in December 2023, he urged armed Palestinian groups to lay down their weapons and transition to a diplomatic project with the Palestinian Authority for a Palestinian state (later softening the wording on disarmament); he also stated that Israel will remain a Jewish state. Criticism: These pragmatic positions caused controversy in his electorate and drew criticism from more radical forces. Proposal: A Palestinian state through diplomacy and ending armed struggle.", "as_of_date": "2025-03-31", "reliability": "verified", "sources": [ "S7", "S8" ] }, { "topic": "other", "position": "РЕЛИГИЯ И СОЦИАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ. Реализация: как исламистская партия (политическое крыло Южной ветви Исламского движения) РААМ придерживается консервативных социальных и культурных ценностей. Критика/контекст: это иногда ставило партию в противоречие с более светскими и либеральными арабскими партиями. Предложение: консервативная социальная линия при сохранении гражданско-прагматичного участия.", "position_en": "Religion and Social Issues. Implementation: As an Islamist party (the political wing of the Southern branch of the Islamic Movement), Ra'am adheres to conservative social and cultural values. Criticism/Context: This sometimes placed the party at odds with more secular and liberal Arab parties. Proposal: A conservative social line while maintaining civic-pragmatic participation.", "as_of_date": "2026-01-01", "reliability": "verified", "sources": [ "S1", "S3" ] }, { "topic": "army_idf", "position": "ЦАХАЛ (армия). Реализация: военная и оборонная тематика не входит в повестку партии; арабские граждане в основном освобождены от обязательной службы. Критика/позиция: партия делает акцент на гражданском равенстве и инвестициях, а не на военных вопросах. Предложение: отдельной программы по ЦАХАЛу партия не публикует.", "position_en": "IDF (Army). Implementation: Military and defense topics are not part of the party's agenda; Arab citizens are mostly exempt from compulsory service. Criticism/Position: The party emphasizes civil equality and investment, not military issues. Proposal: The party does not publish a separate program on the IDF.", "as_of_date": "2026-01-01", "reliability": "unverified", "sources": [ "S1" ] }, { "topic": "universal_conscription", "position": "Всеобщий призыв (призыв харедим). Реализация: тема призыва ультраортодоксов не входит в повестку арабской гражданской партии. Критика/позиция: РААМ сосредоточен на гражданских инвестициях и равенстве, а не на призывном законодательстве. Предложение: отдельной позиции по призывному закону партия системно не выдвигала.", "position_en": "Universal Conscription (Haredi draft). Implementation: The draft of ultra-Orthodox Jews is not part of the Arab civil party's agenda. Criticism/Position: Ra'am is focused on civil investments and equality, not draft legislation. Proposal: The party has not systematically put forward a separate position on the draft law.", "as_of_date": "2026-01-01", "reliability": "unverified", "sources": [ "S1" ] }, { "topic": "iran", "position": "ИРАН. Реализация: внешнеполитическая и оборонная тематика не входит в повестку партии. Критика/позиция: собственной позиции по иранскому досье партия не формулирует. Предложение: отдельной программы по Ирану в проверенных нейтральных источниках не зафиксировано.", "position_en": "Iran. Implementation: Foreign policy and defense topics are not part of the party's agenda. Criticism/Position: The party does not formulate its own position on the Iranian issue. Proposal: No separate program on Iran is recorded in verified neutral sources.", "as_of_date": "2026-01-01", "reliability": "unverified", "sources": [ "S1" ] }, { "topic": "lebanon", "position": "ЛИВАН / «ХИЗБАЛЛА». Реализация: не входит в повестку партии. Критика/позиция: отдельной публичной позиции партия не формулировала. Предложение: отдельной программы по Ливану в проверенных нейтральных источниках не зафиксировано.", "position_en": "Lebanon / Hezbollah. Implementation: Not part of the party's agenda. Criticism/Position: The party has not formulated its own public position. Proposal: No separate program on Lebanon is recorded in verified neutral sources.", "as_of_date": "2026-01-01", "reliability": "unverified", "sources": [ "S1" ] }, { "topic": "international_relations", "position": "МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЕ ОТНОШЕНИЯ. Реализация: партия не публикует развёрнутой внешнеполитической программы (США, ЕС, Залив). Критика/позиция: единственное внешнеполитически релевантное направление — поддержка палестинского государства дипломатическим путём (см. palestine). Предложение: самостоятельной программы по двусторонним отношениям партия не формулирует.", "position_en": "International Relations. Implementation: The party does not publish a detailed foreign policy program (US, EU, Gulf). Criticism/Position: The only foreign-policy-relevant direction is support for a Palestinian state through diplomatic means (see palestine). Proposal: The party does not formulate an independent program on bilateral relations.", "as_of_date": "2026-01-01", "reliability": "unverified", "sources": [ "S1" ] }, { "topic": "judicial_reform", "position": "Судебная реформа. Реализация: РААМ не входил в коалицию, продвигавшую реформу 2023–2025. Критика/позиция: партия в целом не поддерживала ослабление судебного надзора, но детальной собственной программы по судоустройству не публиковала. Предложение: отдельной развёрнутой позиции в проверенных нейтральных источниках не зафиксировано.", "position_en": "Judicial Reform. Implementation: Ra'am did not join the coalition promoting the 2023–2025 reform. Criticism/Position: The party generally did not support weakening judicial oversight, but did not publish its own detailed program on the judicial system. Proposal: No separate detailed position is recorded in verified neutral sources.", "as_of_date": "2024-01-01", "reliability": "disputed", "sources": [ "S1" ] }, { "topic": "economy", "position": "ЭКОНОМИКА. Реализация: экономическая повестка партии сфокусирована на сокращении разрывов между арабской общиной и остальным населением — занятость, инфраструктура, услуги. Критика/позиция: партия увязывает экономическое развитие арабской общины с государственными инвестициями. Предложение: целевые государственные программы и инвестиции в арабский сектор.", "position_en": "Economy. Implementation: The party's economic agenda focuses on reducing gaps between the Arab community and the rest of the population — employment, infrastructure, services. Criticism/Position: The party links the economic development of the Arab community to state investments. Proposal: Targeted state programs and investments in the Arab sector.", "as_of_date": "2026-01-01", "reliability": "verified", "sources": [ "S1", "S3" ] } ], "topics_relevant_to_russian_speaking_community": [ { "topic": "citizenship_naturalization", "salience_for_party": "not_on_agenda", "party_position": "Закон о возвращении и связанные с еврейской иммиграцией вопросы не входят в повестку партии; РААМ сосредоточен на правах и услугах для арабских граждан Израиля.", "party_position_en": "The Law of Return and issues related to Jewish immigration are not on the party's agenda; Ra'am is focused on rights and services for Arab citizens of Israel.", "practical_impact_for_resident": "Для русскоязычных репатриантов партия не предлагает профильной политики; её повестка ориентирована на другую общину. Прямого влияния на статус по Закону о возвращении она не оказывает.", "practical_impact_for_resident_en": "The party offers no specific policies for Russian-speaking immigrants; its agenda is oriented toward a different community. It has no direct impact on status under the Law of Return.", "reliability": "verified", "sources": [ "S1" ] }, { "topic": "education_in_russian", "party_position": "Образовательная повестка партии — арабоязычное образование и институты арабской общины; русскоязычное образование не является её предметом.", "party_position_en": "The party's educational agenda is Arabic-language education and the institutions of the Arab community; Russian-language education is not its concern.", "practical_impact_for_resident": "Партия не занимается русскоязычным образованием.", "practical_impact_for_resident_en": "The party does not engage in Russian-language education.", "reliability": "verified", "sources": [ "S1" ] }, { "topic": "attitude_to_relocants_from_RU_BY_UA", "party_position": "Опубликованной позиции по российско-украинской войне и по релокантам у партии нет; повестка полностью внутренняя и сосредоточена на арабской общине.", "party_position_en": "The party has no published position on the Russian-Ukrainian war or on relocants; its agenda is entirely domestic and focused on the Arab community.", "practical_impact_for_resident": "Отдельной политики в отношении релокантов из РФ/Беларуси/Украины партия не заявляла.", "practical_impact_for_resident_en": "The party has not declared any separate policy regarding relocants from Russia/Belarus/Ukraine.", "reliability": "unverified", "sources": [ "S1" ] } ], "voting_record": [ { "bill_or_issue": { "ru": "Выход из Объединённого (арабского) списка и самостоятельное участие в выборах 2021 года (действие)", "en": "Leaving the Joint (Arab) List and running independently in the 2021 election (action)" }, "date": { "ru": "2021-01-28", "en": "2021-01-28" }, "how_party_voted": { "ru": "na", "en": "na" }, "consistency_with_rhetoric": { "ru": "consistent", "en": "consistent" }, "sources": [ "S14" ] }, { "bill_or_issue": { "ru": "Подписание коалиционного соглашения и вхождение в 36-е правительство (первая независимая арабская партия в правительстве)", "en": "Signing coalition agreement and joining the 36th government (first independent Arab party in government)" }, "date": { "ru": "2021-06-02", "en": "2021-06-02" }, "how_party_voted": { "ru": "for", "en": "for" }, "consistency_with_rhetoric": { "ru": "consistent", "en": "consistent" }, "sources": [ "S5", "S6" ] } ], "vote_based_analysis": { "data_source": "Поимённые голосования Кнессета (24-й и 25-й созывы), выгрузка Open Knesset; обработка — analyze_all_votes.py. Первичный источник высокой достоверности.", "period_segmentation": "24-й Кнессет (2021–2022): коалиция (сплочённость 0.998). 25-й Кнессет (с ноября 2022): оппозиция (сплочённость 1.0). Периоды анализируются раздельно.", "period_segmentation_en": "24th Knesset (2021–2022): coalition (cohesion 0.998). 25th Knesset (since Nov 2022): opposition (cohesion 1.0). Periods analyzed separately.", "party_discipline_cohesion": 1.0, "is_leader_proxy": false, "data_quality_note": "Полнофракционные данные.", "data_quality_note_en": "Full faction data.", "landmark_votes": [ { "vote_id": 39566, "date": "2023-07-11", "topic": "judicial_reform", "bill_ru": "Основной закон «О судебной власти» — «оговорка о разумности»", "bill_en": "Basic Law: The Judiciary - reasonableness clause", "position": "against", "position_ru": "против", "knesset_tally": "фракция: 0/2 (за/против)", "sources": [ "S15" ], "knesset_tally_en": "faction: 0/2 (for/against)" }, { "vote_id": 38739, "date": "2023-05-23", "topic": "budget", "bill_ru": "Государственный бюджет на 2023 год", "bill_en": "State Budget for 2023", "position": "against", "position_ru": "против", "knesset_tally": "фракция: 0/2 (за/против)", "sources": [ "S15" ], "knesset_tally_en": "faction: 0/2 (for/against)" }, { "vote_id": 37925, "date": null, "topic": "security_consensus", "bill_ru": "Лишение гражданства террориста, получающего вознаграждение за теракт", "bill_en": "Revocation of citizenship for a terrorist receiving compensation", "position": "against", "position_ru": "против", "knesset_tally": "фракция: 0/1 (за/против)", "sources": [ "S15" ], "knesset_tally_en": "faction: 0/1 (for/against)" }, { "vote_id": 44209, "date": "2025-06-12", "topic": "dissolution", "bill_ru": "Роспуск Кнессета (инициатива оппозиции, июнь 2025)", "bill_en": "Dissolution of the Knesset (opposition initiative, June 2025)", "position": "for", "position_ru": "за", "knesset_tally": "фракция: 2/0 (за/против)", "sources": [ "S15" ], "knesset_tally_en": "faction: 2/0 (for/against)" } ], "data_literacy_caveat": "Сырые доли «за» искажены потоком оппозиционных оговорок и НЕ равны «поддержке правительства»; достоверны конкретные голосования (VoteID), сплочённость и межпартийная согласованность.", "data_literacy_caveat_en": "Raw 'for' vote shares are skewed by opposition objections and do not equate to 'support for the government'; specific roll-call votes (VoteID), cohesion, and inter-party agreement are reliable.", "audit_note": "Знаковые голосования привязаны к поимённым VoteID Кнессета (первичный источник). Ранее в досье встречались сценарные даты (напр., роспуск 20.05.2026 — за пределами данных); реальная попытка роспуска — 12.06.2025 (VoteID 44209).", "sources": [ "S15" ], "data_source_en": "Knesset roll-call votes (24th and 25th Knessets), Open Knesset export; processed by analyze_all_votes.py. A high-reliability primary source.", "audit_note_en": "Landmark votes are tied to Knesset roll-call VoteIDs (a primary source). Earlier dossier versions contained scenario dates (e.g. a 20.05.2026 dissolution — outside the data window); the real dissolution attempt was on 12.06.2025 (VoteID 44209)." }, "promise_tracker": [ { "previous_promise": "Добиться государственных инвестиций и развития для арабской общины", "previous_promise_en": "Secure state investments and development for the Arab community", "made_when": "2021-06-02", "status": "kept", "evidence": "Реализация: в коалиции 2021–2022 утверждён план масштабных инвестиций (по данным, около 9,4 млрд долларов) и признание ряда бедуинских деревень; дома подключены к электросетям. Аргумент сторонников: достигнут конкретный результат. Критика: оппоненты считают линию легитимацией без решения национальных вопросов. Итог: ключевое обещание в значительной мере выполнено. См. positions_on_key_topics → ГРАЖДАНСКАЯ ПОВЕСТКА.", "evidence_en": "Implementation: A massive investment plan (reportedly around 9.4 billion dollars) and recognition of several Bedouin villages were approved in the 2021–2022 coalition; homes were connected to the power grid. Supporters' argument: Concrete results were achieved. Criticism: Opponents view the line as legitimation without solving national issues. Outcome: Key promise largely kept. See positions_on_key_topics → Arab Community Civil Agenda.", "sources": [ "S3", "S5" ] }, { "previous_promise": "Снизить уровень насильственной преступности в арабской общине", "previous_promise_en": "Reduce the level of violent crime in the Arab community", "made_when": "2021-06-02", "status": "broken", "evidence": "Реализация: несмотря на выделенные средства, уровень убийств в арабской общине вырос, и 2025 год стал рекордным по числу жертв. Критика: государство и полиция действуют недостаточно эффективно. Предложение: усиление мер. Итог: цель не достигнута.", "evidence_en": "Implementation: Despite allocated funds, the homicide rate in the Arab community rose, and 2025 was a record year in terms of victims. Criticism: State and police action is not effective enough. Proposal: Stronger measures. Outcome: Goal not achieved.", "sources": [ "S11", "S3" ] }, { "previous_promise": "Поддержка создания палестинского государства дипломатическим путём", "previous_promise_en": "Support the creation of a Palestinian state through diplomatic means", "made_when": "2023-12-01", "status": "in_progress", "evidence": "Реализация: Аббас призывал к дипломатическому пути и осудил насилие 7 октября; цель остаётся декларативной. Критика: позиция спорна в части электората. Предложение: два государства через переговоры. Итог: вне контроля партии, не реализовано.", "evidence_en": "Implementation: Abbas urged a diplomatic path and condemned the October 7 violence; the goal remains declarative. Criticism: The position is controversial within part of the electorate. Proposal: Two states through negotiations. Outcome: Outside the party's control, not implemented.", "sources": [ "S7", "S8" ] } ], "financing_and_affiliations": { "main_funding_sources": "Государственное финансирование партий и кампаний по «единицам финансирования» (Закон о финансировании партий 1973, Закон о партиях 1992).", "main_funding_sources_en": "State funding of parties and campaigns based on 'funding units' (Party Financing Law of 1973, Parties Law of 1992).", "notable_affiliations": [ { "ru": "политическое крыло Южной ветви Исламского движения в Израиле", "en": "political wing of the Southern Branch of the Islamic Movement in Israel", "ru_en": "the political wing of the Southern Branch of the Islamic Movement in Israel" }, { "ru": "до января 2021 — часть Объединённого списка арабских партий", "en": "until January 2021 — part of the Joint List of Arab parties", "ru_en": "until January 2021 part of the Joint List of Arab parties" } ], "transparency_notes": "В 2025 году министерство юстиции заявило, что связанная с партией некоммерческая организация направляла средства группам, поддерживающим терроризм, и сообщалось о намерении закрыть две связанные с РААМ НКО (см. controversies). Это государственные обвинения; их окончательный судебный исход в рамках данного исследования не зафиксирован (no_data).", "transparency_notes_en": "In 2025, the Ministry of Justice stated that a nonprofit organization linked to Ra'am directed funds to groups supporting terrorism, and there were reports of intent to shut down two nonprofits associated with Ra'am (see controversies). These are state allegations; their final judicial outcome was not recorded in this research (no_data).", "sources": [ "S9", "S10" ] }, "timeline": [ { "date": "1996-01-01", "event": "Образование Объединённого арабского списка (РААМ) как электорального вехикла; партия связана с Южной ветвью Исламского движения.", "event_en": "Establishment of the United Arab List (Ra'am) as an electoral vehicle; the party is linked to the Southern branch of the Islamic Movement.", "type": "founding", "sources": [ "S1", "S2" ] }, { "date": "2021-01-28", "event": "РААМ выходит из Объединённого списка и идёт на выборы самостоятельно.", "event_en": "Ra'am leaves the Joint List and runs independently.", "type": "split", "sources": [ "S14" ] }, { "date": "2021-06-02", "event": "Мансур Аббас подписывает коалиционное соглашение; РААМ — первая независимая арабская партия в израильском правительстве (36-е правительство).", "event_en": "Mansour Abbas signs coalition agreement; Ra'am is the first independent Arab party in an Israeli government (36th government).", "type": "coalition", "sources": [ "S5", "S6" ] }, { "date": "2021-10-28", "event": "Правительство утверждает многомиллиардный план инвестиций в арабские общины и борьбу с преступностью.", "event_en": "Government approves multi-billion plan of investments in Arab communities and fighting crime.", "type": "other", "sources": [ "S3" ] }, { "date": "2026-01-05", "event": "Аббас заявляет, что партия открыта для всех израильтян и стремится привлекать в т.ч. еврейских политиков, разделяющих её повестку.", "event_en": "Abbas states the party is open to all Israelis and aims to attract Jewish politicians who share its agenda.", "type": "position_shift", "sources": [ "S11" ] }, { "date": "2026-09-13", "event": "Соглашение об излишках голосов с Объединённым списком.", "event_en": "Surplus-vote agreement with the Joint List.", "type": "coalition", "sources": [ "S17", "S18" ] }, { "date": "2026-09-23", "event": "ЦИК 18 голосами против 5 при одном воздержавшемся отстраняет РААМ от выборов — вопреки позиции юридического советника правительства.", "event_en": "The CEC votes 18-5 with one abstention to bar Ra'am from the election, against the Attorney General's advice.", "type": "election", "sources": [ "S19", "S20" ] }, { "date": "2026-09-27", "event": "ЦИК утверждает список под буквами עם лишь условно — до решения Верховного суда.", "event_en": "The CEC approves the list under the letters עם only conditionally, pending the Supreme Court.", "type": "election", "sources": [ "S21", "S22" ] }, { "date": "2026-10-01", "event": "Коллегия Верховного суда из девяти судей рассматривает апелляцию; по графику решение должно быть вынесено до 4 октября.", "event_en": "A nine-justice Supreme Court panel hears the appeal; under the timetable a ruling is due by October 4.", "type": "election", "sources": [ "S23", "S24" ] }, { "date": "2026-10-02", "event": "Верховный суд единогласно отменяет отстранение списка; РААМ участвует в выборах под буквами עם без оговорок.", "event_en": "The Supreme Court unanimously overturns the list's disqualification; Ra'am runs under the letters עם unconditionally.", "type": "election", "sources": [ "S25", "S26" ] }, { "date": "2026-10-15", "event": "Либерман вновь исключает РААМ и правительство меньшинства; «Ликуд» и «Религиозный сионизм» объявляют о 2000 активистов на арабских участках.", "event_en": "Lieberman again rules out Ra'am and a minority government; Likud and Religious Zionism announce 2,000 activists at Arab polling stations.", "type": "election", "sources": [ "S27", "S28" ] } ], "controversies": [ { "description": "В 2025 году министерство юстиции Израиля заявило, что некоммерческая организация, связанная с РААМ, передавала средства группам, поддерживающим терроризм; сообщалось о намерении закрыть две связанные с партией НКО. Это государственные обвинения/административные действия.", "description_en": "In 2025, the Israeli Ministry of Justice stated that a non-profit organization linked to Ra'am transferred funds to groups supporting terrorism; there were reports of intent to shut down two NPOs associated with the party. These are state allegations/administrative actions.", "party_response": "Партия отвергала обвинения; окончательный судебный исход в проверенных источниках в рамках данного исследования не зафиксирован (no_data).", "party_response_en": "The party rejected the allegations; the final judicial outcome is not recorded in verified sources within this research (no_data).", "status": "verified", "sources": [ "S9", "S10" ] }, { "description": "Прагматичная линия Мансура Аббаса (вхождение в коалицию, заявление о том, что Израиль останется еврейским государством, осуждение нападения 7 октября и призыв к разоружению вооружённых групп) вызывала споры внутри арабского электората и критику со стороны более радикальных сил.", "description_en": "Mansour Abbas's pragmatic line (joining the coalition, stating that Israel will remain a Jewish state, condemning the October 7 attack, and calling on armed groups to disarm) caused controversy within the Arab electorate and drew criticism from more radical forces.", "party_response": "Аббас защищал линию как способ добиться конкретных результатов для арабских граждан через участие в институтах.", "party_response_en": "Abbas defended the line as a way to achieve concrete results for Arab citizens through participation in institutions.", "status": "verified", "sources": [ "S7", "S8" ] }, { "description": "Член фракции — уровень рядовых MK: в рамках данного исследования не выявлено публично задокументированных уголовных приговоров в отношении действующих депутатов партии (по состоянию на 02.06.2026).", "description_en": "MK-level controversies: no publicly documented criminal convictions against active Knesset members of the party were identified in this research (as of June 2, 2026).", "party_response": null, "party_response_en": null, "status": "unverified", "sources": [ "S1", "S2" ] } ], "bias_and_quality_control": { "mirror_test_passed": true, "loaded_language_removed": true, "fact_opinion_separated": true, "source_credibility_policy": { "ru": "Каждый источник снабжён полем credibility: high — Кнессет/ЦИК и профили IDI; medium — израильские и международные СМИ и исследовательские институты (ECFR, ToI, TIME, Washington Times, Irish Times); low — Wikipedia.", "en": "Each source has a credibility field: high — Knesset/CEC and IDI profiles; medium — Israeli and international media and research institutes (ECFR, ToI, TIME, Washington Times, Irish Times); low — Wikipedia." }, "open_questions_or_gaps": [ { "ru": "Внешнеполитические и оборонные темы (Иран, Ливан, ЦАХАЛ, призыв, международные отношения) не входят в повестку арабской гражданской партии — соответствующие позиции помечены как unverified/disputed, а не приписаны партии.", "en": "Foreign policy and defense topics (Iran, Lebanon, IDF, conscription, international relations) are not on the agenda of this Arab civic party — corresponding positions are marked as unverified/disputed, not attributed to the party." }, { "ru": "Госуобвинения в адрес связанной с партией НКО (минюст, 2025) приведены как обвинения; судебный исход не зафиксирован.", "en": "State allegations against a party-linked NGO (Justice Ministry, 2025) are presented as allegations; judicial outcome not recorded." }, { "ru": "Полный список из 5 депутатов требует сверки с официальной страницей фракции Кнессета (S13); в 2026 идут переговоры о составе арабского блока.", "en": "Full list of 5 MKs requires cross-checking with the official Knesset faction page (S13); negotiations on Arab bloc composition are ongoing in 2026." }, { "ru": "Для русскоязычной аудитории профильной повестки у партии нет — это прямо оговорено.", "en": "The party has no tailored agenda for Russian-speaking audiences — this is explicitly noted." } ], "open_questions_or_gaps_en": [ "Foreign policy and defense topics (Iran, Lebanon, IDF, draft, international relations) do not belong to the Arab civil party's agenda — the corresponding positions are marked as unverified/disputed rather than attributed to the party.", "State allegations against the NPO linked to the party (Ministry of Justice, 2025) are presented as allegations; the judicial outcome is not recorded.", "The full list of 5 MKs requires verification against the official Knesset faction page (S13); in 2026, negotiations on the composition of the Arab bloc are ongoing.", "For the Russian-speaking audience, the party has no profile agenda — this is explicitly stated." ], "conflicting_evidence_notes": [ "Критически важная дизамбигуация: Мансур Аббас (лидер РААМ, депутат Кнессета) и Махмуд Аббас (глава Палестинской администрации) — разные лица; материалы о Махмуде Аббасе исключены во избежание смешения.", "Стратегия прагматичного участия подана сбалансированно: и аргумент сторонников (конкретные бюджеты и результаты), и критика (легитимация без решения национальных вопросов).", "Партия выпадает из лево-правой шкалы (социальный консерватизм + гражданский прагматизм); поле left_right_axis оставлено null." ], "conflicting_evidence_notes_en": [ "Critical disambiguation: Mansour Abbas (leader of Ra'am, MK) and Mahmoud Abbas (head of the Palestinian Authority) are different persons; materials on Mahmoud Abbas are excluded to avoid confusion.", "The strategy of pragmatic participation is presented in a balanced way: both the supporters' argument (concrete budgets and results) and criticism (legitimation without solving national issues).", "The party falls outside the left-right spectrum (social conservatism + civil pragmatism); the left_right_axis field is left null." ] }, "sources": [ { "id": { "ru": "S1", "en": "S1" }, "title": { "ru": "Ra'am (United Arab List) — party profile", "en": "Ra'am (United Arab List) - party profile" }, "url": { "ru": "https://en.idi.org.il/israeli-elections-and-parties/parties/raam/", "en": "https://en.idi.org.il/israeli-elections-and-parties/parties/raam/" }, "publisher": { "ru": "Israel Democracy Institute", "en": "Israel Democracy Institute" }, "type": { "ru": "secondary", "en": "secondary" }, "bias_flag": { "ru": "independent", "en": "independent" }, "credibility": { "ru": "high", "en": "high" }, "date_accessed": { "ru": "2026-06-02", "en": "2026-06-02" }, "language": { "ru": "en", "en": "en" } }, { "id": { "ru": "S2", "en": "S2" }, "title": { "ru": "United Arab List", "en": "United Arab List" }, "url": { "ru": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Arab_List", "en": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Arab_List" }, "publisher": { "ru": "Wikipedia", "en": "Wikipedia" }, "type": { "ru": "tertiary", "en": "tertiary" }, "bias_flag": { "ru": "unknown", "en": "unknown" }, "credibility": { "ru": "low", "en": "low" }, "date_accessed": { "ru": "2026-06-02", "en": "2026-06-02" }, "language": { "ru": "en", "en": "en" } }, { "id": { "ru": "S3", "en": "S3" }, "title": { "ru": "Ra'am (United Arab List) — Mapping Palestinian Politics", "en": "Ra'am (United Arab List) — Mapping Palestinian Politics" }, "url": { "ru": "https://ecfr.eu/special/mapping_palestinian_politics/raam/", "en": "https://ecfr.eu/special/mapping_palestinian_politics/raam/" }, "publisher": { "ru": "European Council on Foreign Relations (ECFR)", "en": "European Council on Foreign Relations (ECFR)" }, "type": { "ru": "secondary", "en": "secondary" }, "bias_flag": { "ru": "independent", "en": "independent" }, "credibility": { "ru": "medium", "en": "medium" }, "date_accessed": { "ru": "2026-06-02", "en": "2026-06-02" }, "language": { "ru": "en", "en": "en" } }, { "id": { "ru": "S5", "en": "S5" }, "title": { "ru": "History made as Arab Israeli Ra'am party joins Bennett-Lapid coalition", "en": "History made as Arab Israeli Ra'am party joins Bennett-Lapid coalition" }, "url": { "ru": "https://www.timesofisrael.com/arab-israeli-raam-party-makes-history-by-joining-bennett-lapid-coalition/", "en": "https://www.timesofisrael.com/arab-israeli-raam-party-makes-history-by-joining-bennett-lapid-coalition/" }, "publisher": { "ru": "The Times of Israel", "en": "The Times of Israel" }, "type": { "ru": "secondary", "en": "secondary" }, "bias_flag": { "ru": "independent", "en": "independent" }, "credibility": { "ru": "medium", "en": "medium" }, "date_accessed": { "ru": "2026-06-02", "en": "2026-06-02" }, "language": { "ru": "en", "en": "en" } }, { "id": { "ru": "S6", "en": "S6" }, "title": { "ru": "Mansour Abbas on Why He Joined Israel's New Coalition", "en": "Mansour Abbas on Why He Joined Israel's New Coalition" }, "url": { "ru": "https://time.com/6073019/mansour-abbas-arab-israel-coalition-government/", "en": "https://time.com/6073019/mansour-abbas-arab-israel-coalition-government/" }, "publisher": { "ru": "TIME", "en": "TIME" }, "type": { "ru": "secondary", "en": "secondary" }, "bias_flag": { "ru": "independent", "en": "independent" }, "credibility": { "ru": "medium", "en": "medium" }, "date_accessed": { "ru": "2026-06-02", "en": "2026-06-02" }, "language": { "ru": "en", "en": "en" } }, { "id": { "ru": "S7", "en": "S7" }, "title": { "ru": "Ra'am's Abbas urges armed Palestinian factions to disarm, before softening statement", "en": "Ra'am's Abbas urges armed Palestinian factions to disarm, before softening statement" }, "url": { "ru": "https://www.timesofisrael.com/raams-abbas-urges-armed-palestinian-factions-to-disarm-before-softening-statement/", "en": "https://www.timesofisrael.com/raams-abbas-urges-armed-palestinian-factions-to-disarm-before-softening-statement/" }, "publisher": { "ru": "The Times of Israel", "en": "The Times of Israel" }, "type": { "ru": "secondary", "en": "secondary" }, "bias_flag": { "ru": "independent", "en": "independent" }, "credibility": { "ru": "medium", "en": "medium" }, "date_accessed": { "ru": "2026-06-02", "en": "2026-06-02" }, "language": { "ru": "en", "en": "en" } }, { "id": { "ru": "S8", "en": "S8" }, "title": { "ru": "Mansour Abbas, Arab-Israeli lawmaker, condemns Hamas violence and supports Palestinian state", "en": "Mansour Abbas, Arab-Israeli lawmaker, condemns Hamas violence and supports Palestinian state" }, "url": { "ru": "https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2025/mar/31/mansour-abbas-arab-israeli-lawmaker-condemns-hamas-violence-supports/", "en": "https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2025/mar/31/mansour-abbas-arab-israeli-lawmaker-condemns-hamas-violence-supports/" }, "publisher": { "ru": "The Washington Times", "en": "The Washington Times" }, "type": { "ru": "secondary", "en": "secondary" }, "bias_flag": { "ru": "independent", "en": "independent" }, "credibility": { "ru": "medium", "en": "medium" }, "date_accessed": { "ru": "2026-06-02", "en": "2026-06-02" }, "language": { "ru": "en", "en": "en" } }, { "id": { "ru": "S9", "en": "S9" }, "title": { "ru": "Justice Ministry says NGO linked to Ra'am party gave funds to terror-supporting groups", "en": "Justice Ministry says NGO linked to Ra'am party gave funds to terror-supporting groups" }, "url": { "ru": "https://www.timesofisrael.com/justice-ministry-says-ngo-linked-to-raam-party-gave-funds-to-terror-supporting-groups/", "en": "https://www.timesofisrael.com/justice-ministry-says-ngo-linked-to-raam-party-gave-funds-to-terror-supporting-groups/" }, "publisher": { "ru": "The Times of Israel", "en": "The Times of Israel" }, "type": { "ru": "secondary", "en": "secondary" }, "bias_flag": { "ru": "independent", "en": "independent" }, "credibility": { "ru": "medium", "en": "medium" }, "date_accessed": { "ru": "2026-06-02", "en": "2026-06-02" }, "language": { "ru": "en", "en": "en" } }, { "id": { "ru": "S10", "en": "S10" }, "title": { "ru": "Two nonprofits linked to Arab Ra'am party to be shuttered over alleged terror ties", "en": "Two nonprofits linked to Arab Ra'am party to be shuttered over alleged terror ties" }, "url": { "ru": "https://www.timesofisrael.com/two-nonprofits-linked-to-arab-raam-party-to-be-shuttered-over-alleged-terror-ties/", "en": "https://www.timesofisrael.com/two-nonprofits-linked-to-arab-raam-party-to-be-shuttered-over-alleged-terror-ties/" }, "publisher": { "ru": "The Times of Israel", "en": "The Times of Israel" }, "type": { "ru": "secondary", "en": "secondary" }, "bias_flag": { "ru": "independent", "en": "independent" }, "credibility": { "ru": "medium", "en": "medium" }, "date_accessed": { "ru": "2026-06-02", "en": "2026-06-02" }, "language": { "ru": "en", "en": "en" } }, { "id": { "ru": "S11", "en": "S11" }, "title": { "ru": "Mansour Abbas: The Arab kingmaker eyeing Israel's 2026 election", "en": "Mansour Abbas: The Arab kingmaker eyeing Israel's 2026 election" }, "url": { "ru": "https://www.irishtimes.com/world/middle-east/2025/12/22/mansour-abbas-the-arab-kingmaker-eyeing-israels-2026-election/", "en": "https://www.irishtimes.com/world/middle-east/2025/12/22/mansour-abbas-the-arab-kingmaker-eyeing-israels-2026-election/" }, "publisher": { "ru": "The Irish Times", "en": "The Irish Times" }, "type": { "ru": "secondary", "en": "secondary" }, "bias_flag": { "ru": "independent", "en": "independent" }, "credibility": { "ru": "medium", "en": "medium" }, "date_accessed": { "ru": "2026-06-02", "en": "2026-06-02" }, "language": { "ru": "en", "en": "en" } }, { "id": { "ru": "S13", "en": "S13" }, "title": { "ru": "Members of 25th Knesset — Factions (Ra'am faction)", "en": "Members of 25th Knesset — Factions (Ra'am faction)" }, "url": { "ru": "https://main.knesset.gov.il/en/mk/apps/mklobby/main/current-knesset-mks/factions", "en": "https://main.knesset.gov.il/en/mk/apps/mklobby/main/current-knesset-mks/factions" }, "publisher": { "ru": "Knesset (Israeli parliament)", "en": "Knesset (Israeli parliament)" }, "type": { "ru": "primary", "en": "primary" }, "bias_flag": { "ru": "state_owned", "en": "state_owned" }, "credibility": { "ru": "high", "en": "high" }, "date_accessed": { "ru": "2026-06-02", "en": "2026-06-02" }, "language": { "ru": "en", "en": "en" } }, { "id": { "ru": "S14", "en": "S14" }, "title": { "ru": "Joint List of Arab parties splinters, as Ra'am decamps", "en": "Joint List of Arab parties splinters, as Ra'am decamps" }, "url": { "ru": "https://www.timesofisrael.com/3-of-4-arab-parties-agree-on-united-run-as-raam-decamps-joint-list/", "en": "https://www.timesofisrael.com/3-of-4-arab-parties-agree-on-united-run-as-raam-decamps-joint-list/" }, "publisher": { "ru": "The Times of Israel", "en": "The Times of Israel" }, "type": { "ru": "secondary", "en": "secondary" }, "bias_flag": { "ru": "independent", "en": "independent" }, "credibility": { "ru": "medium", "en": "medium" }, "date_accessed": { "ru": "2026-06-02", "en": "2026-06-02" }, "language": { "ru": "en", "en": "en" } }, { "id": { "ru": "S15", "en": "S15" }, "title": { "ru": "Knesset roll-call votes (24th–25th Knesset), incl. VoteID 39566 (Basic Law: Judiciary / reasonableness), 38739 (2023 budget), 37925 (anti-terror citizenship), 44209 (Knesset dissolution, 2025-06-12)", "en": "Knesset roll-call votes (24th–25th Knesset), incl. VoteID 39566 (Basic Law: Judiciary / reasonableness), 38739 (2023 budget), 37925 (anti-terror citizenship), 44209 (Knesset dissolution, 2025-06-12)" }, "url": { "ru": "https://main.knesset.gov.il/en/activity/plenum/pages/votes.aspx", "en": "https://main.knesset.gov.il/en/activity/plenum/pages/votes.aspx" }, "publisher": { "ru": "Knesset (Israeli parliament) via Open Knesset", "en": "Knesset (Israeli parliament) via Open Knesset" }, "type": { "ru": "primary", "en": "primary" }, "bias_flag": { "ru": "state_owned", "en": "state_owned" }, "credibility": { "ru": "high", "en": "high" }, "date_accessed": { "ru": "2026-06-03", "en": "2026-06-03" }, "language": { "ru": "he", "en": "he" } }, { "id": { "ru": "S16", "en": "S16" }, "title": { "ru": "Мансур Аббас заявил, что РААМ пойдёт отдельно", "en": "Mansour Abbas says Ra'am will run separately" }, "url": { "ru": "https://fr.timesofisrael.com/mansour-abbas-declare-quil-ne-se-joindra-pas-a-une-liste-arabe-unie/", "en": "https://fr.timesofisrael.com/mansour-abbas-declare-quil-ne-se-joindra-pas-a-une-liste-arabe-unie/" }, "publisher": { "ru": "The Times of Israel", "en": "The Times of Israel" }, "type": { "ru": "secondary", "en": "secondary" }, "bias_flag": { "ru": "independent", "en": "independent" }, "credibility": { "ru": "medium", "en": "medium" }, "date_accessed": { "ru": "2026-07-17", "en": "2026-07-17" }, "language": { "ru": "fr", "en": "fr" } }, { "id": "S17", "title": "Arab Hadash-Ta'al, Ra'am parties sign agreement to reduce risk of lost votes", "url": "https://www.jpost.com/israel-election-2026/article-908431", "publisher": "The Jerusalem Post", "type": "secondary", "bias_flag": "independent", "credibility": "medium", "date_accessed": "2026-10-01", "language": "en" }, { "id": "S18", "title": "Joint List and Ra'am sign surplus-vote agreement", "url": "https://www.israelnationalnews.com/flashes/693446", "publisher": "Israel National News", "type": "secondary", "bias_flag": "independent", "credibility": "medium", "date_accessed": "2026-10-01", "language": "en" }, { "id": "S19", "title": "Election panel votes to bar Balad chief Abu Shehadeh over alleged support for terror", "url": "https://www.timesofisrael.com/election-panel-votes-to-bar-balad-chief-abu-shehadeh-over-alleged-support-for-terror/", "publisher": "The Times of Israel", "type": "secondary", "bias_flag": "independent", "credibility": "medium", "date_accessed": "2026-10-01", "language": "en" }, { "id": "S20", "title": "Central Elections Committee bars Arab Ra'am, Joint List parties from running in October elections", "url": "https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/politics-and-diplomacy/article-909454", "publisher": "The Jerusalem Post", "type": "secondary", "bias_flag": "independent", "credibility": "medium", "date_accessed": "2026-10-01", "language": "en" }, { "id": "S21", "title": "Central Elections Committee releases ballot letters for all parties running for the 26th Knesset", "url": "https://www.ynetnews.com/article/no1cetlga", "publisher": "Ynet", "type": "secondary", "bias_flag": "independent", "credibility": "medium", "date_accessed": "2026-10-01", "language": "en" }, { "id": "S22", "title": "ועדת הבחירות אישרה 38 רשימות; רע\"מ והמשותפת על תנאי", "url": "https://www.walla.co.il/news/politics/383955473", "publisher": "Walla", "type": "secondary", "bias_flag": "independent", "credibility": "medium", "date_accessed": "2026-10-01", "language": "he" }, { "id": "S23", "title": "Supreme Court to rule on disqualifying Arab parties", "url": "https://www.israelnationalnews.com/news/433935", "publisher": "Israel National News", "type": "secondary", "bias_flag": "independent", "credibility": "medium", "date_accessed": "2026-10-01", "language": "en" }, { "id": "S24", "title": "לוח זמנים לפעילות הוועדה — הבחירות לכנסת ה-26", "url": "https://www.gov.il/he/pages/time--table-26", "publisher": "Central Elections Committee", "type": "primary", "bias_flag": "state_owned", "credibility": "high", "date_accessed": "2026-10-01", "language": "he" }, { "id": "S25", "title": "Supreme Court unanimously overturns election panel's ban on Arab parties", "url": "https://www.timesofisrael.com/supreme-court-unanimously-overturns-election-panels-ban-on-arab-parties/", "publisher": "Times of Israel", "type": "secondary", "bias_flag": "independent", "credibility": "medium", "date_accessed": "2026-10-13", "language": "en" }, { "id": "S26", "title": "Supreme Court overturns the disqualification of Ra'am and the Joint List", "url": "https://www.jpost.com/israel-election-2026/article-910410", "publisher": "Jerusalem Post", "type": "secondary", "bias_flag": "independent", "credibility": "medium", "date_accessed": "2026-10-13", "language": "en" }, { "id": "S27", "title": "Liberman rules out a minority government", "url": "https://www.jpost.com/israel-election-2026/article-911855", "publisher": "Jerusalem Post", "type": "secondary", "bias_flag": "independent", "credibility": "medium", "date_accessed": "2026-10-15", "language": "en" }, { "id": "S28", "title": "Likud and Smotrich say they'll put 2,000 activists at Arab polling stations", "url": "https://www.timesofisrael.com/likud-smotrich-say-theyll-put-2000-activists-at-arab-polling-stations-on-election-day", "publisher": "Times of Israel", "type": "secondary", "bias_flag": "independent", "credibility": "medium", "date_accessed": "2026-10-15", "language": "en" } ] }