{ "meta": { "party_name": { "ru": "Религиозный сионизм (ха-Ционут ха-Датит)", "en": "Religious Zionism (HaTzionut HaDatit)" }, "country": { "ru": "Израиль", "en": "Israel" }, "election_context": { "ru": "Выборы в 26-й Кнессет (2026)", "en": "Elections to the 26th Knesset (2026)" }, "research_date": { "ru": "2026-10-15", "en": "2026-10-15" }, "overall_confidence": { "ru": "medium", "en": "medium" }, "data_completeness_percent": 76, "language_of_dossier": "ru/en", "source_tier_policy": { "ru": "Приоритет первичным источникам высокой достоверности: Кнессет и Центральная избирательная комиссия (high). Израильские и международные СМИ и исследовательские институты — средняя достоверность (medium). Wikipedia и адвокационные источники — низкая достоверность (low); адвокационные утверждения без подтверждения двумя независимыми источниками исключены.", "en": "Priority to high-reliability primary sources: Knesset and Central Elections Committee (high). Israeli and international media and research institutes — medium reliability (medium). Wikipedia and advocacy sources — low reliability (low); advocacy claims not corroborated by two independent sources are excluded." } }, "overview": { "official_name": { "ru": "Религиозный сионизм / ха-Ционут ха-Датит (הציונות הדתית); с августа 2023 формально — Национально-религиозная партия — Религиозный сионизм", "en": "Religious Zionism / HaTzionut HaDatit; since August 2023 formally the National Religious Party — Religious Zionism" }, "short_name_abbreviation": { "ru": "ха-Ционут ха-Датит (бюллетень: טб)", "en": "HaTzionut HaDatit (ballot: טב)" }, "founded_year": 2021, "ideology_self_described": [ { "ru": "религиозный сионизм", "en": "religious Zionism", "ru_en": "Religious Zionism" }, { "ru": "национально-религиозная идентичность", "en": "national-religious identity", "ru_en": "national-religious identity" }, { "ru": "поселенческое движение", "en": "settlement movement", "ru_en": "the settlement movement" }, { "ru": "изучение Торы", "en": "Torah study", "ru_en": "Torah study" }, { "ru": "реформа судебной системы", "en": "judicial system reform", "ru_en": "judicial reform" }, { "ru": "рыночная либерализация", "en": "market liberalization", "ru_en": "market liberalization" } ], "ideology_external_classification": [ { "ru": "крайне правая и ультранационалистическая (классификация IDI, СМИ и ряда исследователей)", "en": "far-right and ultranationalist (classification by IDI, media, and several researchers)", "ru_en": "far-right and ultranationalist (as classified by IDI, media outlets and several researchers)" }, { "ru": "национально-религиозная", "en": "national-religious", "ru_en": "national-religious" } ], "current_status": "ruling_coalition", "neutral_one_line_summary": "Национально-религиозная партия министра финансов Бецалеля Смотрича (7 мандатов в уходящем 25-м Кнессете). Офир Софер и Моше Соломон объявили 15-16 июля, что не будут переизбираться через партию; они остаются частью только уходящего состава.", "neutral_one_line_summary_en": "National Religious Party of Finance Minister Bezalel Smotrich (7 seats in the outgoing 25th Knesset). Ofir Sofer and Moshe Solomon announced on July 15-16 that they would not seek reelection through the party; they remain part only of the outgoing roster.", "sources": [ "S22", "S23" ] }, "leadership": { "current_leader": { "name": "Бецалель Смотрич", "role": "Председатель партии; министр финансов; дополнительный министр в министерстве обороны (полномочия над гражданской администрацией Иудеи и Самарии)", "role_en": "Party Chairman; Minister of Finance; Minister within the Ministry of Defense (responsible for the Civil Administration of Judea and Samaria)", "since": "2019-02-01", "short_background": "Возглавил партию (тогда — Национальный союз — Ткума) в 2019 году; 7 января 2021 переименовал её в «Религиозный сионизм». Министр финансов с 2022 года; одновременно получил полномочия в министерстве обороны над гражданской администрацией на Западном берегу.", "short_background_en": "Headed the party (then National Union – Tkuma) in 2019; renamed it 'Religious Zionism' on January 7, 2021. Minister of Finance since 2022; simultaneously received authority in the Ministry of Defense over the Civil Administration in the West Bank.", "name_en": "Bezalel Smotrich" }, "key_figures": [ { "name": "Симха Ротман", "role": "Депутат Кнессета, председатель комиссии по конституции, праву и юстиции; один из ключевых архитекторов судебной реформы", "role_en": "Knesset Member, Chairman of the Constitution, Law and Justice Committee; one of the key architects of the judicial reform", "name_en": "Simcha Rothman" }, { "name": "Орит Струк", "role": "Депутат Кнессета, в прошлом министр по национальным миссиям", "role_en": "Knesset Member, former Minister of National Missions", "name_en": "Orit Strock" }, { "name": "Офир Софер", "role": "Депутат Кнессета, в прошлом министр абсорбции", "role_en": "Knesset Member, former Minister of Aliyah and Integration", "name_en": "Ofir Sofer" } ], "full_member_list": { "note": "ВНИМАНИЕ: список требует сверки. База проекта перечисляет 7 депутатов БЕЗ председателя партии Бецалеля Смотрича, что не согласуется с 7 мандатами фракции; вероятно, перечень неполон или устарел. Ниже приведён состав с добавлением Смотрича (как лидера и депутата) — итого расхождение по числу следует разрешить по официальной странице фракции Кнессета (S14). Часть депутатов занимала министерские посты, статус которых мог измениться. Окончательный список кандидатов на 2026 год будет известен после утверждения ЦИК. В 2022 году «Религиозный сионизм» шёл единым списком с «Оцма Йехудит» и «Ноам», которые затем образовали отдельные фракции. Обновление на 1 октября 2026: Список 2026 года — технический блок с «Зехут» — утверждён ЦИК 27 сентября (буква ט): Бецалель Смотрич, Моше Фейглин, Орит Струк, Симха Ротман, Цвика Мор.", "note_en": "WARNING: The list requires verification. The project database lists 7 MPs WITHOUT party chairman Bezalel Smotrich, which is inconsistent with the faction's 7 seats; the list is likely incomplete or outdated. Below is the composition with Smotrich added (as leader and MP) — the discrepancy in number should be resolved via the official Knesset faction page (S14). Some MPs held ministerial posts whose status might have changed. The final list of candidates for 2026 will be known after the CEC's approval. In 2022, 'Religious Zionism' ran on a joint list with 'Otzma Yehudit' and 'Noam', which subsequently formed separate factions. Update, October 1, 2026: The 2026 list — a technical bloc with Zehut — was approved by the CEC on September 27 (letter ט): Bezalel Smotrich, Moshe Feiglin, Orit Strock, Simcha Rothman, Tzvika Mor.", "members": [ { "name": "Бецалель Смотрич", "role": "Председатель партии, министр финансов (добавлен; в базе проекта отсутствовал)", "role_en": "Party Chairman, Minister of Finance (added; was missing from the project database)", "name_en": "Bezalel Smotrich" }, { "name": "Офир Софер", "role": "Депутат Кнессета", "role_en": "Knesset Member", "name_en": "Ofir Sofer" }, { "name": "Орит Струк", "role": "Депутат Кнессета", "role_en": "Knesset Member", "name_en": "Orit Strock" }, { "name": "Симха Ротман", "role": "Депутат Кнессета, председатель комиссии по конституции и праву", "role_en": "Knesset Member, Chairman of the Constitution and Law Committee", "name_en": "Simcha Rothman" }, { "name": "Михаль Вальдигер", "role": "Депутат Кнессета", "role_en": "Knesset Member", "name_en": "Michal Woldiger" }, { "name": "Оад Таль", "role": "Депутат Кнессета", "role_en": "Knesset Member", "name_en": "Ohad Tal" }, { "name": "Моше Соломон", "role": "Депутат Кнессета", "role_en": "Knesset Member", "name_en": "Moshe Solomon" }, { "name": "Цви Суккот", "role": "Депутат Кнессета", "role_en": "Knesset Member", "name_en": "Tzvi Succot" } ], "sources": [ "S14", "S1", "S3" ] } }, "political_position": { "left_right_axis": { "ru": "right", "en": "right" }, "authoritarian_libertarian_axis": { "ru": "Религиозно-консервативная в вопросах религии и государства; ведущий инициатор судебной реформы, ограничивающей полномочия судов.", "en": "Religiously conservative on religion and state; leading initiator of judicial reform limiting court powers." }, "pro_eu_vs_eurosceptic": null, "stance_toward_russia": "Партия не публиковала позиции по российско-украинской войне; внешнеполитическое внимание сосредоточено на безопасности Израиля и политике поселений (по состоянию на 2026).", "spectrum_notes": "Самоопределение партии — religious zionism и национально-религиозная идентичность. IDI, ряд СМИ и исследователей классифицируют её как крайне правую и ультранационалистическую. Оба определения приведены раздельно.", "spectrum_notes_en": "The party's self-definition is religious Zionism and national-religious identity. IDI, some media, and researchers classify it as far-right and ultra-nationalist. Both definitions are provided separately.", "stance_toward_russia_en": "The party has published no position on the Russia-Ukraine war; its foreign-policy attention centers on Israel's security and settlement policy (as of 2026)." }, "priorities": [ { "topic": "Поселения и суверенитет", "stated_position": "Укрепление и расширение поселений и применение израильского суверенитета над Иудеей и Самарией.", "stated_position_en": "Strengthening and expanding settlements and applying Israeli sovereignty over Judea and Samaria.", "fact_or_claim": "party_claim", "sources": [ "S2", "S7" ], "topic_en": "Settlements and sovereignty" }, { "topic": "Судебная реформа", "stated_position": "Глубокая реформа судебной системы и ограничение полномочий Верховного суда.", "stated_position_en": "Deep reform of the judicial system and limiting the powers of the Supreme Court.", "fact_or_claim": "fact", "sources": [ "S9", "S1" ], "topic_en": "Judicial reform" }, { "topic": "Еврейская идентичность", "stated_position": "Укрепление еврейской идентичности, изучения Торы и религиозного образования; оппозиция однополым бракам.", "stated_position_en": "Strengthening Jewish identity, Torah study, and religious education; opposition to same-sex marriage.", "fact_or_claim": "party_claim", "sources": [ "S1", "S2" ], "topic_en": "Jewish identity" }, { "topic": "Закон о возвращении", "stated_position": "Ограничение Закона о возвращении галахическими евреями (отмена «оговорки о внуках»).", "stated_position_en": "Limiting the Law of Return to Halakhic Jews (repeal of the 'grandchild clause').", "fact_or_claim": "party_claim", "sources": [ "S15", "S1" ], "topic_en": "The Law of Return" } ], "program_and_plan": { "summary": "Национально-религиозная партия Бецалеля Смотрича с акцентом на поселениях и суверенитете над Иудеей и Самарией, еврейской идентичности, судебной реформе и рыночной либерализации. Депутаты уходящего 25-го Кнессета Офир Софер и Моше Соломон объявили 15-16 июля, что не будут переизбираться через партию; их нельзя считать подтверждёнными кандидатами 2026 года.", "summary_en": "Bezalel Smotrich's National Religious Party, focusing on settlements and sovereignty over Judea and Samaria, Jewish identity, judicial reform, and market liberalization. Outgoing 25th Knesset MKs Ofir Sofer and Moshe Solomon announced on July 15-16 that they would not seek reelection through the party; they should not be treated as confirmed 2026 candidates.", "key_pledges": [ { "pledge": "Применить израильский суверенитет над Иудеей и Самарией", "pledge_en": "Apply Israeli sovereignty over Judea and Samaria", "policy_area": "поселения / территории", "specificity": "concrete", "sources": [ "S7", "S5" ], "policy_area_en": "settlements / territories" }, { "pledge": "Провести глубокую судебную реформу", "pledge_en": "Implement a deep judicial reform", "policy_area": "судебная система", "specificity": "concrete", "sources": [ "S9", "S1" ], "policy_area_en": "the judiciary" }, { "pledge": "Ограничить «оговорку о внуках» Закона о возвращении", "pledge_en": "Limit the 'grandchild clause' of the Law of Return", "policy_area": "религия и государство / гражданство", "specificity": "concrete", "sources": [ "S15", "S16" ], "policy_area_en": "religion and state / citizenship" } ] }, "positions_on_key_topics": [ { "topic": "palestine", "position": "ПАЛЕСТИНСКИЙ ВОПРОС / ПОСЕЛЕНИЯ — профильная тема партии. Реализация: Смотрич как министр финансов и дополнительный министр в минобороны получил расширенные полномочия над гражданской администрацией Западного берега (к июню 2024 часть полномочий передана от военных его ведомству); объявил «2025 — год суверенитета в Иудее и Самарии» и поручил готовить инфраструктуру для аннексии; призывал распространить суверенитет и на сектор Газа. Критика/позиция: партия выступает против палестинского государства и территориальных уступок. Предложение: применение израильского суверенитета над Иудеей и Самарией при поддержке администрации Трампа и недопущение палестинского государства.", "position_en": "Palestinian Issue / Settlements — the party's core topic. Implementation: Smotrich, as Minister of Finance and additional minister in the Ministry of Defense, received expanded powers over the Civil Administration of the West Bank (by June 2024, part of the powers was transferred from the military to his office); declared '2025 – the year of sovereignty in Judea and Samaria' and ordered preparation of infrastructure for annexation; called for extending sovereignty to the Gaza Strip as well. Criticism/Position: The party opposes a Palestinian state and territorial concessions. Proposal: Applying Israeli sovereignty over Judea and Samaria with the support of the Trump administration and preventing the creation of a Palestinian state.", "as_of_date": "2026-02-12", "reliability": "verified", "sources": [ "S5", "S6", "S7" ] }, { "topic": "judicial_reform", "position": "Судебная реформа. Реализация: депутат партии Симха Ротман — председатель комиссии по конституции, праву и юстиции и один из ключевых архитекторов реформы (продвижение «закона о разумности» и изменения порядка назначения судей). Критика: партия рассматривает Верховный суд и его полномочия как препятствие выборной власти. Предложение: глубокая реформа судебной системы, ограничение полномочий Верховного суда и снижение влияния судей и адвокатуры на назначения.", "position_en": "Judicial Reform. Implementation: Party MK Simcha Rothman is the Chairman of the Constitution, Law and Justice Committee and one of the key architects of the reform (promoting the 'reasonableness law' and changing the judicial appointment system). Criticism: The party views the Supreme Court and its powers as an obstacle to elected government. Proposal: Deep reform of the judicial system, limiting the powers of the Supreme Court, and reducing the influence of judges and the bar association on appointments.", "as_of_date": "2025-04-16", "reliability": "verified", "sources": [ "S9", "S1", "S10" ] }, { "topic": "army_idf", "position": "ЦАХАЛ (армия). Реализация: национально-религиозный электорат партии служит в ЦАХАЛе; в коалиции партия поддерживает жёсткую линию безопасности и «решительную победу», в т.ч. по Газе. Критика: критикует сдержанность и уступки в военной политике. Предложение: усиление армии, поселенческой безопасности и наступательной линии. Отдельной развёрнутой военной доктрины помимо платформенных установок партия публикует ограниченно.", "position_en": "IDF (Army). Implementation: The party's national-religious electorate serves in the IDF; in the coalition, the party supports a tough security line and 'decisive victory', including in Gaza. Criticism: Criticizes restraint and concessions in military policy. Proposal: Strengthening the army, settlement security, and an offensive line. The party does not publish a separate detailed military doctrine beyond its platform principles.", "as_of_date": "2026-01-01", "reliability": "verified", "sources": [ "S2", "S1" ] }, { "topic": "universal_conscription", "position": "Всеобщий призыв (призыв харедим). Реализация: вопрос — узел коалиции; партия состоит в коалиции с харедимными партиями, требующими освобождений. Критика/позиция: собственная публичная позиция «Религиозного сионизма» по призыву харедим неоднозначна — её национально-религиозный электорат служит в армии, но партия сохраняет коалиционную лояльность харедимным партнёрам. Предложение: чёткой отдельной законодательной формулы по призыву харедим партия системно не выдвигала; зафиксировать однозначную позицию по проверенным нейтральным источникам не удалось.", "position_en": "Universal Conscription (Haredi draft). Implementation: The draft is a key coalition issue; the party is in a coalition with Haredi parties demanding exemptions. Criticism/Position: 'Religious Zionism''s own public position on the Haredi draft is ambiguous — its national-religious electorate serves in the army, but the party maintains coalition loyalty to its Haredi partners. Proposal: The party has not systematically put forward a clear separate legislative formula on the Haredi draft; it was not possible to document a clear position from verified neutral sources.", "as_of_date": "2026-01-01", "reliability": "unverified", "sources": [ "S18", "S1" ] }, { "topic": "iran", "position": "ИРАН. Реализация: в составе коалиции партия поддерживала жёсткую линию правительства, включая военные действия против Ирана. Критика/позиция: выступает против ядерного Ирана и любых «слабых» договорённостей. Предложение: отдельной развёрнутой программы «Религиозного сионизма» по иранскому досье (помимо общей поддержки коалиционной линии) в проверенных нейтральных источниках не зафиксировано.", "position_en": "Iran. Implementation: Within the coalition, the party supported the government's tough line, including military actions against Iran. Criticism/Position: Opposes a nuclear Iran and any 'weak' agreements. Proposal: No separate detailed program of 'Religious Zionism' on Iran (beyond general support for the coalition line) is documented in verified neutral sources.", "as_of_date": "2026-01-01", "reliability": "disputed", "sources": [ "S1" ] }, { "topic": "lebanon", "position": "ЛИВАН / «ХИЗБАЛЛА». Реализация: не профильная отдельная тема; в коалиции поддерживала линию правительства. Критика/позиция: общая жёсткая линия безопасности. Предложение: отдельной развёрнутой программы по Ливану в проверенных нейтральных источниках не зафиксировано.", "position_en": "Lebanon / Hezbollah. Implementation: Not a core topic; supported the government's line in the coalition. Criticism/Position: General tough security line. Proposal: No separate detailed program on Lebanon is documented in verified neutral sources.", "as_of_date": "2026-01-01", "reliability": "unverified", "sources": [ "S1" ] }, { "topic": "international_relations", "position": "МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЕ ОТНОШЕНИЯ (США, ЕС, ОАЭ, Саудовская Аравия). Реализация: Смотрич добивается признания со стороны США (администрации Трампа) израильского суверенитета над Западным берегом. Дипломатические последствия: риторика Смотрича (см. controversies → Хувара) привела к бойкоту со стороны администрации Байдена в марте 2023. Предложение: опора на администрацию Трампа для легитимации суверенитета; развёрнутой программы по ЕС, Заливу и нормализации с арабскими странами партия системно не формулирует (нормализация для неё вторична по отношению к суверенитету над территориями).", "position_en": "International Relations (US, EU, UAE, Saudi Arabia). Implementation: Smotrich is seeking recognition from the US (Trump administration) of Israeli sovereignty over the West Bank. Diplomatic consequences: Smotrich's rhetoric (see controversies → Huwara) led to a boycott by the Biden administration in March 2023. Proposal: Relying on the Trump administration to legitimize sovereignty; the party does not systematically formulate a detailed program on the EU, the Gulf, and normalization with Arab countries (normalization is secondary for it compared to sovereignty over territories).", "as_of_date": "2026-01-01", "reliability": "verified", "sources": [ "S7", "S19" ] }, { "topic": "economy", "position": "ЭКОНОМИКА. Реализация: Смотрич — министр финансов; общая линия — рыночная либерализация, при этом приоритет в финансировании отдаётся поселениям и религиозным институтам. Критика: приоритетное направление бюджетных средств на поселения задокументировано в СМИ и оспаривалось в Кнессете депутатами оппозиции. Предложение: рыночная либерализация в сочетании с приоритетной поддержкой поселенческого и национально-религиозного сектора.", "position_en": "Economy. Implementation: Smotrich is the Minister of Finance; the general line is market liberalization, though funding priority is given to settlements and religious institutions. Criticism: The allocation of budget funds to settlements is documented in the media and has been contested in the Knesset by opposition members. Proposal: Market liberalization combined with prioritized support for the settlement and national-religious sectors.", "as_of_date": "2026-01-01", "reliability": "verified", "sources": [ "S2", "S1" ] }, { "topic": "other", "position": "РЕЛИГИЯ И ГОСУДАРСТВО. Реализация: в коалиции добивается укрепления еврейской идентичности, изучения Торы и религиозного образования. Критика: возражает против повесток, противоречащих ортодоксальному пониманию (например, однополые браки). Предложение: усиление еврейского религиозного характера государства и образования.", "position_en": "Religion and State. Implementation: In the coalition, the party seeks to strengthen Jewish identity, Torah study, and religious education. Criticism: Opposes agendas that contradict the Orthodox understanding (e.g., same-sex marriage). Proposal: Strengthening the Jewish religious character of the state and education.", "as_of_date": "2026-01-01", "reliability": "verified", "sources": [ "S1", "S2" ] } ], "topics_relevant_to_russian_speaking_community": [ { "topic": "citizenship_naturalization", "salience_for_party": "core_priority", "party_position": "«Религиозный сионизм» поддерживает ограничение Закона о возвращении галахическими евреями и отмену «оговорки о внуках». Смотрич характеризовал негалахическую иммиграцию как демографическую и религиозную проблему для еврейского государства. Прямая позиция/цитата: Бецалель Смотрич, обсуждая отмену «оговорки о внуках» (в т.ч. с главой американской право-произраильской организации ZOA), аргументировал тем, что норма ведёт к «постепенному сокращению еврейского населения» Израиля, и выражал опасение, что государство теряет статус еврейского.", "party_position_en": "'Religious Zionism' supports limiting the Law of Return to Halakhic Jews and repealing the 'grandchild clause'. Smotrich characterized non-Halakhic immigration as a demographic and religious problem for the Jewish state. Direct position/quote: Bezalel Smotrich, discussing the repeal of the 'grandchild clause' (including with the head of the American right-wing pro-Israel organization ZOA), argued that the clause leads to the 'gradual reduction of the Jewish population' of Israel and expressed concern that the state is losing its Jewish status.", "practical_impact_for_resident": "Для потенциальных репатриантов из бывшего СССР, имеющих еврейское происхождение по линии одного из дедушек/бабушек, реализация позиции партии означала бы утрату права на репатриацию и автоматическое гражданство по действующим условиям.", "practical_impact_for_resident_en": "For potential immigrants from the former USSR who have Jewish ancestry through a grandparent, the implementation of the party's position would mean losing the right to aliyah and automatic citizenship under current conditions.", "reliability": "verified", "sources": [ "S15", "S1", "S21" ] }, { "topic": "education_in_russian", "party_position": "Русскоязычное образование не является приоритетом платформы; партия делает упор на укреплении еврейского религиозного образования и выступает против светских государственных программ, не согласованных с еврейской идентичностью.", "party_position_en": "Russian-language education is not a platform priority; the party emphasizes strengthening Jewish religious education and opposes secular state programs not aligned with Jewish identity.", "practical_impact_for_resident": "Для семей, ориентированных на светское и/или русскоязычное образование, партия не предлагает поддержки соответствующих программ.", "practical_impact_for_resident_en": "For families oriented toward secular and/or Russian-language education, the party does not offer support for such programs.", "reliability": "verified", "sources": [ "S1", "S2" ] }, { "topic": "attitude_to_relocants_from_RU_BY_UA", "party_position": "Опубликованной позиции по российско-украинской войне и по релокантам у партии нет; внешнеполитический фокус — безопасность и поселения.", "party_position_en": "The party has no published position on the Russian-Ukrainian war or on relocants; its foreign policy focus is security and settlements.", "practical_impact_for_resident": "Отдельной партийной политики в отношении релокантов нет; ключевое влияние на эту аудиторию — через позицию по Закону о возвращении (см. выше).", "practical_impact_for_resident_en": "There is no separate party policy regarding relocants; the key impact on this audience is through its position on the Law of Return (see above).", "reliability": "unverified", "sources": [ "S1" ] } ], "voting_record": [ { "bill_or_issue": { "ru": "«Закон о разумности» (ограничение полномочий Верховного суда) — в составе коалиции; депутат партии Ротман вёл реформу", "en": "'Reasonableness Law' (limiting the powers of the Supreme Court) — as part of the coalition; party MK Rothman led the reform" }, "date": { "ru": "2023-07-24", "en": "2023-07-24" }, "how_party_voted": { "ru": "for", "en": "for" }, "consistency_with_rhetoric": { "ru": "consistent", "en": "consistent" }, "sources": [ "S9", "S1" ] }, { "bill_or_issue": { "ru": "Изменение состава Комиссии по назначению судей", "en": "Change in the composition of the Judicial Selection Committee" }, "date": { "ru": "2025-03-27", "en": "2025-03-27" }, "how_party_voted": { "ru": "for", "en": "for" }, "consistency_with_rhetoric": { "ru": "consistent", "en": "consistent" }, "sources": [ "S1", "S9" ] }, { "bill_or_issue": { "ru": "Резолюция Кнессета против создания палестинского государства", "en": "Knesset resolution against the establishment of a Palestinian state" }, "date": { "ru": "2024-07-18", "en": "2024-07-18" }, "how_party_voted": { "ru": "for", "en": "for" }, "consistency_with_rhetoric": { "ru": "consistent", "en": "consistent" }, "sources": [ "S7" ] } ], "vote_based_analysis": { "data_source": "Поимённые голосования Кнессета (24-й и 25-й созывы), выгрузка Open Knesset; обработка — analyze_all_votes.py. Первичный источник высокой достоверности.", "period_segmentation": "24-й Кнессет (2021–2022): оппозиция (сплочённость 0.998). 25-й Кнессет (с ноября 2022): коалиция (сплочённость 0.999). Периоды анализируются раздельно.", "period_segmentation_en": "24th Knesset (2021–2022): opposition (cohesion 0.998). 25th Knesset (since Nov 2022): coalition (cohesion 0.999). Periods analyzed separately.", "party_discipline_cohesion": 0.999, "is_leader_proxy": false, "data_quality_note": "Фракция «Религиозный сионизм» в данных = верхушка единого списка 2022 года; для чистоты исключены индивидуальные строки Бен-Гвира (Оцма) и Маоза (Ноам).", "data_quality_note_en": "The 'Religious Zionism' faction in the data represents the head of the 2022 joint list; for purity, individual lines for Ben-Gvir (Otzma) and Maoz (Noam) have been excluded.", "landmark_votes": [ { "vote_id": 39566, "date": "2023-07-11", "topic": "judicial_reform", "bill_ru": "Основной закон «О судебной власти» — «оговорка о разумности»", "bill_en": "Basic Law: The Judiciary - reasonableness clause", "position": "for", "position_ru": "за", "knesset_tally": "фракция: 3/0 (за/против)", "sources": [ "S20" ], "knesset_tally_en": "faction: 3/0 (for/against)" }, { "vote_id": 38739, "date": "2023-05-23", "topic": "budget", "bill_ru": "Государственный бюджет на 2023 год", "bill_en": "State Budget for 2023", "position": "for", "position_ru": "за", "knesset_tally": "фракция: 3/0 (за/против)", "sources": [ "S20" ], "knesset_tally_en": "faction: 3/0 (for/against)" }, { "vote_id": 37925, "date": null, "topic": "security_consensus", "bill_ru": "Лишение гражданства террориста, получающего вознаграждение за теракт", "bill_en": "Revocation of citizenship for a terrorist receiving compensation", "position": "for", "position_ru": "за", "knesset_tally": "фракция: 4/0 (за/против)", "sources": [ "S20" ], "knesset_tally_en": "faction: 4/0 (for/against)" }, { "vote_id": 44209, "date": "2025-06-12", "topic": "dissolution", "bill_ru": "Роспуск Кнессета (инициатива оппозиции, июнь 2025)", "bill_en": "Dissolution of the Knesset (opposition initiative, June 2025)", "position": "against", "position_ru": "против", "knesset_tally": "фракция: 0/3 (за/против)", "sources": [ "S20" ], "knesset_tally_en": "faction: 0/3 (for/against)" } ], "data_literacy_caveat": "Сырые доли «за» искажены потоком оппозиционных оговорок и НЕ равны «поддержке правительства»; достоверны конкретные голосования (VoteID), сплочённость и межпартийная согласованность.", "data_literacy_caveat_en": "Raw 'for' vote shares are skewed by opposition objections and do not equate to 'support for the government'; specific roll-call votes (VoteID), cohesion, and inter-party agreement are reliable.", "audit_note": "Знаковые голосования привязаны к поимённым VoteID Кнессета (первичный источник). Ранее в досье встречались сценарные даты (напр., роспуск 20.05.2026 — за пределами данных); реальная попытка роспуска — 12.06.2025 (VoteID 44209).", "sources": [ "S20" ], "data_source_en": "Knesset roll-call votes (24th and 25th Knessets), Open Knesset export; processed by analyze_all_votes.py. A high-reliability primary source.", "audit_note_en": "Landmark votes are tied to Knesset roll-call VoteIDs (a primary source). Earlier dossier versions contained scenario dates (e.g. a 20.05.2026 dissolution — outside the data window); the real dissolution attempt was on 12.06.2025 (VoteID 44209)." }, "promise_tracker": [ { "previous_promise": "Применить израильский суверенитет над Иудеей и Самарией", "previous_promise_en": "Apply Israeli sovereignty over Judea and Samaria", "made_when": "2022-11-01", "status": "in_progress", "evidence": "Реализация: Смотрич получил расширенные полномочия над гражданской администрацией и поручил готовить инфраструктуру для аннексии; формального применения суверенитета по состоянию на 2026 не произошло. Критика: международная критика и сдержанность части коалиции. Предложение: формальная аннексия при поддержке США. Итог: подготовка ведётся, цель не достигнута. См. positions_on_key_topics → palestine.", "evidence_en": "Implementation: Smotrich received expanded authority over the Civil Administration and ordered preparation of infrastructure for annexation; no formal application of sovereignty has occurred as of 2026. Criticism: International criticism and restraint from parts of the coalition. Proposal: Formal annexation with US support. Outcome: Preparations are underway, goal not achieved. See positions_on_key_topics → palestine.", "sources": [ "S5", "S7" ] }, { "previous_promise": "Провести глубокую судебную реформу", "previous_promise_en": "Implement a deep judicial reform", "made_when": "2022-11-01", "status": "in_progress", "evidence": "Реализация: «закон о разумности» принят (2023) и отменён Верховным судом (2024); изменён состав Комиссии по назначению судей (2025). Критика: оппозиция и юридический истеблишмент — об ослаблении судов. Предложение: дальнейшее ограничение полномочий ВС. Итог: реализовано частично. См. positions_on_key_topics → judicial_reform.", "evidence_en": "Implementation: The 'reasonableness law' was passed (2023) and struck down by the Supreme Court (2024); the composition of the Judicial Appointments Committee was changed (2025). Criticism: Opposition and the legal establishment warn of weakening the courts. Proposal: Further limitation of the Supreme Court's powers. Outcome: Partially implemented. See positions_on_key_topics → judicial_reform.", "sources": [ "S9", "S1" ] }, { "previous_promise": "Ограничить «оговорку о внуках» Закона о возвращении", "previous_promise_en": "Limit the 'grandchild clause' of the Law of Return", "made_when": "2022-11-01", "status": "broken", "evidence": "Реализация: норма не изменена; «Ликуд» во главе с Нетаньяху сопротивлялся отмене. Критика: партия настаивает на приведении гражданского права в соответствие с Галахой. Предложение: репатриация только для галахических евреев. Итог: к 2026 требование не реализовано.", "evidence_en": "Implementation: The clause has not been amended; Likud under Netanyahu resisted the change. Criticism: The party insists on bringing civil law into line with Halakha. Proposal: Aliyah only for Halakhic Jews. Outcome: The demand has not been implemented as of 2026.", "sources": [ "S15", "S16" ] } ], "financing_and_affiliations": { "main_funding_sources": "Государственное финансирование партий и кампаний по «единицам финансирования» (Закон о финансировании партий 1973, Закон о партиях 1992).", "main_funding_sources_en": "State funding of parties and campaigns based on 'funding units' (Party Financing Law of 1973, Parties Law of 1992).", "notable_affiliations": [ { "ru": "идейная связь с поселенческим движением и национально-религиозным сектором", "en": "ideological connection with the settlement movement and the national-religious sector", "ru_en": "ideological ties to the settlement movement and the national-religious sector" }, { "ru": "в 2022 — единый список с «Оцма Йехудит» и «Ноам» (затем образовали отдельные фракции)", "en": "in 2022 — a joint list with Otzma Yehudit and Noam (later formed separate factions)", "ru_en": "in 2022, a joint list with Otzma Yehudit and Noam (later split into separate factions)" }, { "ru": "в августе 2023 — слияние с «Еврейским домом» (формально — Национально-религиозная партия — Религиозный сионизм)", "en": "in August 2023 — merger with the Jewish Home (formally — National Religious Party — Religious Zionism)", "ru_en": "in August 2023, a merger with the Jewish Home (formally the National Religious Party — Religious Zionism)" } ], "transparency_notes": "В рамках данного исследования отдельных нарушений в партийном финансировании не зафиксировано (no_data); при этом бюджетные приоритеты министра финансов в пользу поселений отмечались в СМИ и оспаривались депутатами оппозиции в Кнессете (см. economy).", "transparency_notes_en": "No specific violations in party financing were recorded in this research (no_data); however, the Finance Minister's budget priorities in favor of settlements were noted in the media and contested by opposition MKs in the Knesset (see economy).", "sources": [ "S1", "S3" ] }, "timeline": [ { "date": "1998-01-01", "event": "Основание «Ткумы» (Х. Поратом и Ц. Хенделем) после выхода из Национально-религиозной партии; в дальнейшем участвовала в выборах в составе объединённых списков.", "event_en": "Founding of 'Tkuma' (H. Porat and Z. Hendel) after leaving the National Religious Party; later participated in elections as part of joint lists.", "type": "founding", "sources": [ "S3", "S1" ] }, { "date": "2019-02-01", "event": "Бецалель Смотрич возглавляет партию (тогда — Национальный союз — Ткума).", "event_en": "Bezalel Smotrich heads the party (then National Union – Tkuma).", "type": "leadership_change", "sources": [ "S3" ] }, { "date": "2021-01-07", "event": "Переименование в «Религиозный сионизм».", "event_en": "Renaming to 'Religious Zionism'.", "type": "other", "sources": [ "S3" ] }, { "date": "2022-11-01", "event": "Выборы в 25-й Кнессет: «Религиозный сионизм» получает 7 мандатов (в составе единого списка с «Оцма Йехудит» и «Ноам»).", "event_en": "Elections for the 25th Knesset: 'Religious Zionism' wins 7 seats (as part of a joint list with 'Otzma Yehudit' and 'Noam').", "type": "election", "sources": [ "S1", "S3" ] }, { "date": "2024-06-01", "event": "Часть полномочий над гражданской администрацией Западного берега передана ведомству под руководством Смотрича.", "event_en": "Part of the powers over the West Bank Civil Administration is transferred to the office under Smotrich.", "type": "other", "sources": [ "S5", "S6" ] }, { "date": "2025-01-01", "event": "Смотрич объявляет «2025 — год суверенитета в Иудее и Самарии» и поручает готовить инфраструктуру для аннексии.", "event_en": "Smotrich declares '2025 – the year of sovereignty in Judea and Samaria' and orders the preparation of infrastructure for annexation.", "type": "position_shift", "sources": [ "S7", "S5" ] }, { "date": "2026-09-01", "event": "Смотрич и Моше Фейглин объявляют технический блок «Религиозный сионизм — Зехут».", "event_en": "Smotrich and Moshe Feiglin announce the Religious Zionism–Zehut technical bloc.", "type": "coalition", "sources": [ "S24" ] }, { "date": "2026-09-15", "event": "Партия публикует сгенерированное ИИ видео, на котором председателя Верховного суда, судью и юридического советника правительства выволакивают с демонстрации; президент Герцог: «выборы — не гражданская война».", "event_en": "The party posts an AI video showing the Supreme Court president, a justice and the Attorney General being dragged from a protest; President Herzog: 'elections are not a civil war'.", "type": "other", "sources": [ "S25", "S26" ] }, { "date": "2026-09-24", "event": "ЦИК отклоняет петицию об отстранении списка (21 против 3).", "event_en": "The CEC rejects a petition to bar the list (21-3).", "type": "election", "sources": [ "S27" ] }, { "date": "2026-09-27", "event": "ЦИК утверждает список под буквой ט: Смотрич, Фейглин, Орит Струк, Симха Ротман, Цвика Мор; русскоязычный кандидат «Зехут» Аркадий Мутер — №11.", "event_en": "The CEC approves the list under the letter ט: Smotrich, Feiglin, Orit Strock, Simcha Rothman, Tzvika Mor; Zehut's Russian-speaking Arkadi Mutter is No. 11.", "type": "election", "sources": [ "S28", "S29" ] }, { "date": "2026-10-06", "event": "Подписано соглашение об излишках голосов с «Ликудом».", "event_en": "Surplus-vote agreement signed with Likud.", "type": "coalition", "sources": [ "S30" ] }, { "date": "2026-10-08", "event": "Смотрич и Нетаньяху проводят совместную конференцию за явку «Спасение правых» с раввинами; Бен-Гвира не пригласили.", "event_en": "Smotrich and Netanyahu hold a joint 'Saving the Right' turnout conference with rabbis; Ben-Gvir is not invited.", "type": "election", "sources": [ "S31" ] }, { "date": "2026-10-13", "event": "Смотрич называет «полной ложью» утверждение, что резервисты перегружены из-за освобождения харедим от службы.", "event_en": "Smotrich calls it 'a complete lie' that reservists are overburdened because of the haredi exemption.", "type": "other", "sources": [ "S32" ] }, { "date": "2026-10-15", "event": "Вместе с «Ликудом» партия объявляет о размещении около 2000 активистов на участках в арабских населённых пунктах.", "event_en": "With Likud, the party announces about 2,000 activists at polling stations in Arab communities.", "type": "election", "sources": [ "S33", "S34" ] } ], "controversies": [ { "description": "Лидер партии Бецалель Смотрич: 1 марта 2023 заявил, что «деревню Хувара нужно стереть» и что «это должно сделать государство Израиль». Контекст: 26 февраля 2023 в Хуваре были убиты двое братьев-поселенцев — Хиллель Янив (22) и Ягель Янив (20), этот терракт продолжил череду нападений на израильтян в этой деревне; вечером того же дня израильские поселенцы устроили погром в деревне (один палестинец — Самех Актеш — убит). Заявление Смотрича прозвучало спустя три дня после этих событий. Официальный представитель Государственного департамента США Нед Прайс публично призвал израильское руководство отвергнуть эти слова; администрация Байдена объявила о бойкоте Смотрича во время его визита в Вашингтон. Впоследствии Смотрич уточнил, что имел в виду адресные действия против причастных к терроризму, а не уничтожение деревни.", "description_en": "Party leader Bezalel Smotrich: On March 1, 2023, he stated that 'the village of Huwara should be wiped out' and that 'the State of Israel should do it.' Context: On February 26, 2023, two settler brothers — Hillel Yaniv (22) and Yagel Yaniv (20) — were killed in Huwara, a terrorist attack that continued a series of attacks on Israelis in this village; later that evening, Israeli settlers carried out a riot in the village (one Palestinian — Sameh Aktesh — was killed). Smotrich's statement came three days after these events. US State Department spokesman Ned Price publicly called on the Israeli leadership to reject these words; the Biden administration announced a boycott of Smotrich during his visit to Washington. Smotrich subsequently clarified that he meant targeted action against those involved in terrorism, not the destruction of the village.", "party_response": "Смотрич неоднократно уточнял формулировку и принёс извинения ЦАХАЛу, заявив, что не предполагал восприятия слов как военного приказа.", "party_response_en": "Smotrich repeatedly clarified the wording and apologized to the IDF, stating that he did not expect the words to be perceived as a military order.", "status": "verified", "sources": [ "S11", "S12", "S19" ] }, { "description": "Передача гражданских полномочий над Западным берегом ведомству под руководством Смотрича и его поручение готовить инфраструктуру для аннексии представляют собой изменение административного статус-кво на территории (по материалам CNN и Al Jazeera).", "description_en": "The transfer of civil powers over the West Bank to the office under Smotrich and his instruction to prepare infrastructure for annexation represent a change in the administrative status quo on the ground (based on CNN and Al Jazeera reports).", "party_response": "Смотрич представляет это как реализацию права Израиля на суверенитет над Иудеей и Самарией.", "party_response_en": "Smotrich presents this as the realization of Israel's right to sovereignty over Judea and Samaria.", "status": "verified", "sources": [ "S5", "S6" ] }, { "description": "Член фракции — уровень рядовых MK: в рамках данного исследования не выявлено публично задокументированных уголовных обвинений против действующих депутатов партии (помимо описанных публичных заявлений лидера) по состоянию на 02.06.2026. Отмечается как наблюдение, требующее продолжения мониторинга.", "description_en": "MK-level controversies: no publicly documented criminal charges against active Knesset members of the party (other than the described public statements of the leader) were identified in this research as of June 2, 2026. This is noted as an observation requiring continued monitoring.", "party_response": null, "party_response_en": null, "status": "unverified", "sources": [ "S1", "S3" ] } ], "bias_and_quality_control": { "mirror_test_passed": true, "loaded_language_removed": true, "fact_opinion_separated": true, "source_credibility_policy": { "ru": "Каждый источник снабжён полем credibility: high — Кнессет/ЦИК, профили IDI, официальная платформа и коалиционные документы; medium — израильские и международные СМИ и исследовательские институты; low — Wikipedia и адвокационные источники.", "en": "Each source has a credibility field: high — Knesset/CEC, IDI profiles, official platform and coalition documents; medium — Israeli and international media and research institutes; low — Wikipedia and advocacy sources." }, "open_questions_or_gaps": [ { "ru": "Состав фракции в базе проекта не согласуется с числом мандатов (отсутствует лидер Смотрич) — требуется сверка с официальной страницей Кнессета (S14).", "en": "The faction composition in the project database does not match the number of seats (leader Smotrich is missing) — requires verification against the official Knesset page (S14)." }, { "ru": "Позиция партии по призыву харедим неоднозначна и не зафиксирована однозначно по нейтральным источникам — помечена как unverified.", "en": "The party's position on Haredi enlistment is ambiguous and could not be definitively established from neutral sources — marked as unverified." }, { "ru": "Отдельные развёрнутые программы по Ирану и Ливану (помимо общей коалиционной линии) не найдены — помечены как disputed/unverified.", "en": "Separate detailed programs on Iran and Lebanon (beyond the general coalition line) were not found — marked as disputed/unverified." }, { "ru": "Позиция по релокантам и российско-украинской войне не публиковалась — unverified.", "en": "Position on relocants and the Russia-Ukraine war has not been published — unverified." } ], "open_questions_or_gaps_en": [ "The composition of the faction in the project database is not consistent with the number of seats (leader Smotrich is missing) — verification against the official Knesset page (S14) is required.", "The party's position on the Haredi draft is ambiguous and has not been clearly documented from neutral sources — marked as unverified.", "No separate detailed programs on Iran and Lebanon (beyond the general coalition line) were found — marked as disputed/unverified.", "The position on relocants and the Russian-Ukrainian war has not been published — unverified." ], "conflicting_evidence_notes": [ "Самоопределение партии (религиозный сионизм, национально-религиозная) расходится с внешней классификацией («крайне правая, ультранационалистическая»); оба варианта приведены раздельно и атрибутированы.", "Из исследования исключены непроверенные/адвокационные ярлыки в адрес лидера (например, «террорист», «разыскивается МУС»): обвинения МУС касались других лиц, и эти утверждения не подтверждены двумя независимыми достоверными источниками.", "Заявление по Хуваре приведено как задокументированный факт с полным контекстом: убийство братьев Янив, погром поселенцев, заявление Смотрича, международная реакция, последующее уточнение и извинения." ], "conflicting_evidence_notes_en": [ "The party's self-definition (religious Zionism, national-religious) differs from its external classification ('far-right, ultra-nationalist'); both variants are presented separately and attributed.", "Unverified/advocacy labels against the leader (e.g. 'terrorist', 'wanted by the ICC') have been excluded from the study: ICC charges concerned other individuals, and these claims were not confirmed by two independent reliable sources.", "The statement on Huwara is presented as a documented fact with full context: the killing of the Yaniv brothers, the settler riot, Smotrich's statement, international reaction, and subsequent clarification and apology." ] }, "sources": [ { "id": { "ru": "S1", "en": "S1" }, "title": { "ru": "Religious Zionist Party — profile", "en": "Religious Zionist Party - profile" }, "url": { "ru": "https://en.idi.org.il/israeli-elections-and-parties/parties/religious-zionism/", "en": "https://en.idi.org.il/israeli-elections-and-parties/parties/religious-zionism/" }, "publisher": { "ru": "Israel Democracy Institute", "en": "Israel Democracy Institute" }, "type": { "ru": "secondary", "en": "secondary" }, "bias_flag": { "ru": "independent", "en": "independent" }, "credibility": { "ru": "high", "en": "high" }, "date_accessed": { "ru": "2026-06-02", "en": "2026-06-02" }, "language": { "ru": "en", "en": "en" } }, { "id": { "ru": "S2", "en": "S2" }, "title": { "ru": "Party platform / About the party", "en": "Party platform / About the party" }, "url": { "ru": "https://zionutdatit.org.il/en/party-platform/", "en": "https://zionutdatit.org.il/en/party-platform/" }, "publisher": { "ru": "Religious Zionist Party (official)", "en": "Religious Zionist Party (official)" }, "type": { "ru": "primary", "en": "primary" }, "bias_flag": { "ru": "party_affiliated", "en": "party_affiliated" }, "credibility": { "ru": "high", "en": "high" }, "date_accessed": { "ru": "2026-06-02", "en": "2026-06-02" }, "language": { "ru": "en", "en": "en" } }, { "id": { "ru": "S3", "en": "S3" }, "title": { "ru": "Religious Zionist Party", "en": "Religious Zionist Party" }, "url": { "ru": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religious_Zionist_Party", "en": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religious_Zionist_Party" }, "publisher": { "ru": "Wikipedia", "en": "Wikipedia" }, "type": { "ru": "tertiary", "en": "tertiary" }, "bias_flag": { "ru": "unknown", "en": "unknown" }, "credibility": { "ru": "low", "en": "low" }, "date_accessed": { "ru": "2026-06-02", "en": "2026-06-02" }, "language": { "ru": "en", "en": "en" } }, { "id": { "ru": "S5", "en": "S5" }, "title": { "ru": "Far-right Israeli minister orders preparations for West Bank annexation", "en": "Far-right Israeli minister orders preparations for West Bank annexation" }, "url": { "ru": "https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/11/11/far-right-israeli-minister-orders-preparations-for-west-bank-annexation", "en": "https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/11/11/far-right-israeli-minister-orders-preparations-for-west-bank-annexation" }, "publisher": { "ru": "Al Jazeera", "en": "Al Jazeera" }, "type": { "ru": "secondary", "en": "secondary" }, "bias_flag": { "ru": "state_owned", "en": "state_owned" }, "credibility": { "ru": "medium", "en": "medium" }, "date_accessed": { "ru": "2026-06-02", "en": "2026-06-02" }, "language": { "ru": "en", "en": "en" } }, { "id": { "ru": "S6", "en": "S6" }, "title": { "ru": "Eyeing Trump support, Israeli minister pushes for West Bank settlement annexation", "en": "Eyeing Trump support, Israeli minister pushes for West Bank settlement annexation" }, "url": { "ru": "https://www.cnn.com/2024/11/11/middleeast/israeli-minister-annexation-occupied-west-bank-intl/index.html", "en": "https://www.cnn.com/2024/11/11/middleeast/israeli-minister-annexation-occupied-west-bank-intl/index.html" }, "publisher": { "ru": "CNN", "en": "CNN" }, "type": { "ru": "secondary", "en": "secondary" }, "bias_flag": { "ru": "independent", "en": "independent" }, "credibility": { "ru": "medium", "en": "medium" }, "date_accessed": { "ru": "2026-06-02", "en": "2026-06-02" }, "language": { "ru": "en", "en": "en" } }, { "id": { "ru": "S7", "en": "S7" }, "title": { "ru": "Smotrich says Trump's victory an opportunity to 'apply sovereignty' in the West Bank", "en": "Smotrich says Trump's victory an opportunity to 'apply sovereignty' in the West Bank" }, "url": { "ru": "https://www.timesofisrael.com/smotrich-says-trumps-victory-an-opportunity-to-apply-sovereignty-in-the-west-bank/", "en": "https://www.timesofisrael.com/smotrich-says-trumps-victory-an-opportunity-to-apply-sovereignty-in-the-west-bank/" }, "publisher": { "ru": "The Times of Israel", "en": "The Times of Israel" }, "type": { "ru": "secondary", "en": "secondary" }, "bias_flag": { "ru": "independent", "en": "independent" }, "credibility": { "ru": "medium", "en": "medium" }, "date_accessed": { "ru": "2026-06-02", "en": "2026-06-02" }, "language": { "ru": "en", "en": "en" } }, { "id": { "ru": "S9", "en": "S9" }, "title": { "ru": "Rothman: 'I won't waste my precious time' on 'meaningless' judicial overhaul talks (Rothman as overhaul architect)", "en": "Rothman: 'I won't waste my precious time' on 'meaningless' judicial overhaul talks (Rothman as overhaul architect)" }, "url": { "ru": "https://www.timesofisrael.com/rothman-i-wont-waste-my-precious-time-on-meaningless-judicial-overhaul-talks/", "en": "https://www.timesofisrael.com/rothman-i-wont-waste-my-precious-time-on-meaningless-judicial-overhaul-talks/" }, "publisher": { "ru": "The Times of Israel", "en": "The Times of Israel" }, "type": { "ru": "secondary", "en": "secondary" }, "bias_flag": { "ru": "independent", "en": "independent" }, "credibility": { "ru": "medium", "en": "medium" }, "date_accessed": { "ru": "2026-06-02", "en": "2026-06-02" }, "language": { "ru": "en", "en": "en" } }, { "id": { "ru": "S10", "en": "S10" }, "title": { "ru": "Populist Constitutionalism and the Judicial Overhaul in Israel", "en": "Populist Constitutionalism and the Judicial Overhaul in Israel" }, "url": { "ru": "https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/israel-law-review/article/populist-constitutionalism-and-the-judicial-overhaul-in-israel/604758F6B3366CE6F8C100E1B386E6CA", "en": "https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/israel-law-review/article/populist-constitutionalism-and-the-judicial-overhaul-in-israel/604758F6B3366CE6F8C100E1B386E6CA" }, "publisher": { "ru": "Israel Law Review (Cambridge Core)", "en": "Israel Law Review (Cambridge Core)" }, "type": { "ru": "secondary", "en": "secondary" }, "bias_flag": { "ru": "independent", "en": "independent" }, "credibility": { "ru": "medium", "en": "medium" }, "date_accessed": { "ru": "2026-06-02", "en": "2026-06-02" }, "language": { "ru": "en", "en": "en" } }, { "id": { "ru": "S11", "en": "S11" }, "title": { "ru": "Smotrich says he didn't realize his 'wipe out' Huwara call would be seen as IDF order, apologizes", "en": "Smotrich says he didn't realize his 'wipe out' Huwara call would be seen as IDF order, apologizes" }, "url": { "ru": "https://www.timesofisrael.com/smotrich-didnt-realize-wipe-out-huwara-call-would-be-seen-as-idf-order-apologizes/", "en": "https://www.timesofisrael.com/smotrich-didnt-realize-wipe-out-huwara-call-would-be-seen-as-idf-order-apologizes/" }, "publisher": { "ru": "The Times of Israel", "en": "The Times of Israel" }, "type": { "ru": "secondary", "en": "secondary" }, "bias_flag": { "ru": "independent", "en": "independent" }, "credibility": { "ru": "medium", "en": "medium" }, "date_accessed": { "ru": "2026-06-02", "en": "2026-06-02" }, "language": { "ru": "en", "en": "en" } }, { "id": { "ru": "S12", "en": "S12" }, "title": { "ru": "Bezalel Smotrich apologizes to IDF for saying Israel should 'wipe out' Huwara", "en": "Bezalel Smotrich apologizes to IDF for saying Israel should 'wipe out' Huwara" }, "url": { "ru": "https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/article-733756", "en": "https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/article-733756" }, "publisher": { "ru": "The Jerusalem Post", "en": "The Jerusalem Post" }, "type": { "ru": "secondary", "en": "secondary" }, "bias_flag": { "ru": "independent", "en": "independent" }, "credibility": { "ru": "medium", "en": "medium" }, "date_accessed": { "ru": "2026-06-02", "en": "2026-06-02" }, "language": { "ru": "en", "en": "en" } }, { "id": { "ru": "S19", "en": "S19" }, "title": { "ru": "US condemns Israeli minister's call for Palestinian town 'to be erased' (State Dept spokesman Ned Price; Biden administration boycott)", "en": "US condemns Israeli minister's call for Palestinian town 'to be erased' (State Dept spokesman Ned Price; Biden administration boycott)" }, "url": { "ru": "https://www.cnn.com/2023/03/01/middleeast/west-bank-smotrich-ned-price-intl/index.html", "en": "https://www.cnn.com/2023/03/01/middleeast/west-bank-smotrich-ned-price-intl/index.html" }, "publisher": { "ru": "CNN", "en": "CNN" }, "type": { "ru": "secondary", "en": "secondary" }, "bias_flag": { "ru": "independent", "en": "independent" }, "credibility": { "ru": "medium", "en": "medium" }, "date_accessed": { "ru": "2026-06-02", "en": "2026-06-02" }, "language": { "ru": "en", "en": "en" } }, { "id": { "ru": "S14", "en": "S14" }, "title": { "ru": "Members of 25th Knesset — Factions (Religious Zionism faction)", "en": "Members of 25th Knesset – Factions (Religious Zionism faction)" }, "url": { "ru": "https://main.knesset.gov.il/en/mk/apps/mklobby/main/current-knesset-mks/factions", "en": "https://main.knesset.gov.il/en/mk/apps/mklobby/main/current-knesset-mks/factions" }, "publisher": { "ru": "Knesset (Israeli parliament)", "en": "Knesset (Israeli parliament)" }, "type": { "ru": "primary", "en": "primary" }, "bias_flag": { "ru": "state_owned", "en": "state_owned" }, "credibility": { "ru": "high", "en": "high" }, "date_accessed": { "ru": "2026-06-02", "en": "2026-06-02" }, "language": { "ru": "en", "en": "en" } }, { "id": { "ru": "S15", "en": "S15" }, "title": { "ru": "Coalition revives contentious bid to limit Law of Return; this time, it may pass", "en": "Coalition revives contentious bid to limit Law of Return; this time, it may pass" }, "url": { "ru": "https://www.timesofisrael.com/coalition-revives-contentious-bid-to-alter-law-of-return-this-time-it-may-pass/", "en": "https://www.timesofisrael.com/coalition-revives-contentious-bid-to-alter-law-of-return-this-time-it-may-pass/" }, "publisher": { "ru": "The Times of Israel", "en": "The Times of Israel" }, "type": { "ru": "secondary", "en": "secondary" }, "bias_flag": { "ru": "independent", "en": "independent" }, "credibility": { "ru": "medium", "en": "medium" }, "date_accessed": { "ru": "2026-06-02", "en": "2026-06-02" }, "language": { "ru": "en", "en": "en" } }, { "id": { "ru": "S16", "en": "S16" }, "title": { "ru": "Coalition Agreements of the 37th Government — Amending the Grandchild Clause of the Law of Return", "en": "Coalition Agreements of the 37th Government — Amending the Grandchild Clause of the Law of Return" }, "url": { "ru": "https://en.idi.org.il/articles/47418", "en": "https://en.idi.org.il/articles/47418" }, "publisher": { "ru": "Israel Democracy Institute", "en": "Israel Democracy Institute" }, "type": { "ru": "secondary", "en": "secondary" }, "bias_flag": { "ru": "independent", "en": "independent" }, "credibility": { "ru": "high", "en": "high" }, "date_accessed": { "ru": "2026-06-02", "en": "2026-06-02" }, "language": { "ru": "en", "en": "en" } }, { "id": { "ru": "S18", "en": "S18" }, "title": { "ru": "Knesset winter session to feature battles over budget, judiciary and Haredi enlistment", "en": "Knesset winter session to feature battles over budget, judiciary and Haredi enlistment" }, "url": { "ru": "https://www.timesofisrael.com/knesset-winter-session-to-feature-battles-over-budget-judiciary-and-haredi-enlistment/", "en": "https://www.timesofisrael.com/knesset-winter-session-to-feature-battles-over-budget-judiciary-and-haredi-enlistment/" }, "publisher": { "ru": "The Times of Israel", "en": "The Times of Israel" }, "type": { "ru": "secondary", "en": "secondary" }, "bias_flag": { "ru": "independent", "en": "independent" }, "credibility": { "ru": "medium", "en": "medium" }, "date_accessed": { "ru": "2026-06-02", "en": "2026-06-02" }, "language": { "ru": "en", "en": "en" } }, { "id": { "ru": "S20", "en": "S20" }, "title": { "ru": "Knesset roll-call votes (24th–25th Knesset), incl. VoteID 39566 (Basic Law: Judiciary / reasonableness), 38739 (2023 budget), 37925 (anti-terror citizenship), 44209 (Knesset dissolution, 2025-06-12)", "en": "Knesset roll-call votes (24th–25th Knesset), incl. VoteID 39566 (Basic Law: Judiciary / reasonableness), 38739 (2023 budget), 37925 (anti-terror citizenship), 44209 (Knesset dissolution, 2025-06-12)" }, "url": { "ru": "https://main.knesset.gov.il/en/activity/plenum/pages/votes.aspx", "en": "https://main.knesset.gov.il/en/activity/plenum/pages/votes.aspx" }, "publisher": { "ru": "Knesset (Israeli parliament) via Open Knesset", "en": "Knesset (Israeli parliament) via Open Knesset" }, "type": { "ru": "primary", "en": "primary" }, "bias_flag": { "ru": "state_owned", "en": "state_owned" }, "credibility": { "ru": "high", "en": "high" }, "date_accessed": { "ru": "2026-06-03", "en": "2026-06-03" }, "language": { "ru": "he", "en": "he" } }, { "title": { "ru": "Smotrich discusses nixing 'grandchild clause' with head of right-wing US group", "en": "Smotrich discusses nixing 'grandchild clause' with head of right-wing US group" }, "url": { "ru": "https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/smotrich-discusses-nixing-grandfather-clause-with-head-of-right-wing-us-group/", "en": "https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/smotrich-discusses-nixing-grandfather-clause-with-head-of-right-wing-us-group/" }, "publisher": { "ru": "The Times of Israel", "en": "The Times of Israel" }, "type": { "ru": "secondary", "en": "secondary" }, "bias_flag": { "ru": "independent", "en": "independent" }, "credibility": { "ru": "medium", "en": "medium" }, "date_accessed": { "ru": "2026-06-03", "en": "2026-06-03" }, "language": { "ru": "en", "en": "en" }, "id": { "ru": "S21", "en": "S21" } }, { "id": { "ru": "S22", "en": "S22" }, "title": { "ru": "Офир Софер объявил, что не будет баллотироваться", "en": "Ofir Sofer announces he will not run" }, "url": { "ru": "https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/religious-zionism-minister-announces-he-wont-run-in-upcoming-election/", "en": "https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/religious-zionism-minister-announces-he-wont-run-in-upcoming-election/" }, "publisher": { "ru": "The Times of Israel", "en": "The Times of Israel" }, "type": { "ru": "secondary", "en": "secondary" }, "bias_flag": { "ru": "independent", "en": "independent" }, "credibility": { "ru": "medium", "en": "medium" }, "date_accessed": { "ru": "2026-07-17", "en": "2026-07-17" }, "language": { "ru": "en", "en": "en" } }, { "id": { "ru": "S23", "en": "S23" }, "title": { "ru": "Моше Соломон объявил об уходе из списка партии", "en": "Moshe Solomon announces departure from the party slate" }, "url": { "ru": "https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/second-member-of-smotrichs-party-says-hell-leave-party-over-stance-on-haredi-draft/", "en": "https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/second-member-of-smotrichs-party-says-hell-leave-party-over-stance-on-haredi-draft/" }, "publisher": { "ru": "The Times of Israel", "en": "The Times of Israel" }, "type": 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"date_accessed": "2026-10-01", "language": "en" }, { "id": "S26", "title": "Smotrich AI video of judges and the Attorney General", "url": "http://www.jpost.com/israel-election-2026/article-908986", "publisher": "The Jerusalem Post", "type": "secondary", "bias_flag": "independent", "credibility": "medium", "date_accessed": "2026-10-01", "language": "en" }, { "id": "S27", "title": "Election panel rejects bids to bar Democrats, Otzma Yehudit and Religious Zionism parties", "url": "https://www.timesofisrael.com/election-panel-rejects-bids-to-bar-democrats-otzma-yehudit-and-religious-zionism-parties/", "publisher": "The Times of Israel", "type": "secondary", "bias_flag": "independent", "credibility": "medium", "date_accessed": "2026-10-01", "language": "en" }, { "id": "S28", "title": "This is the Religious Zionist Party's Knesset slate", "url": "https://www.israelnationalnews.com/news/432920", "publisher": "Israel National News", "type": "secondary", "bias_flag": "independent", "credibility": "medium", "date_accessed": "2026-10-01", "language": "en" }, { "id": "S29", "title": "Central Elections Committee releases ballot letters for all parties running for the 26th Knesset", "url": "https://www.ynetnews.com/article/no1cetlga", "publisher": "Ynet", "type": "secondary", "bias_flag": "independent", "credibility": "medium", "date_accessed": "2026-10-01", "language": "en" }, { "id": "S30", "title": "Likud and Religious Zionism sign surplus-vote agreement", "url": "https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/likud-and-religious-zionism-sign-surplus-vote-agreement/", "publisher": "Times of Israel", "type": "secondary", "bias_flag": "independent", "credibility": "medium", "date_accessed": "2026-10-13", "language": "en" }, { "id": "S31", "title": "Netanyahu and Smotrich's 'Saving the Right' conference", "url": "https://www.jpost.com/israel-election-2026/article-911094", "publisher": "Jerusalem Post", "type": "secondary", "bias_flag": "independent", "credibility": "medium", "date_accessed": "2026-10-13", "language": "en" }, { "id": "S32", "title": "Smotrich: 'complete lie' that IDF troops are burdened because of the haredi exemption", "url": "https://www.timesofisrael.com/smotrich-complete-lie-that-idf-troops-are-burdened-because-of-haredi-exemption", "publisher": "Times of Israel", "type": "secondary", "bias_flag": "independent", "credibility": "medium", "date_accessed": "2026-10-15", "language": "en" }, { "id": "S33", "title": "Likud and Smotrich say they'll put 2,000 activists at Arab polling stations", "url": "https://www.timesofisrael.com/likud-smotrich-say-theyll-put-2000-activists-at-arab-polling-stations-on-election-day", "publisher": "Times of Israel", "type": "secondary", "bias_flag": "independent", "credibility": "medium", "date_accessed": "2026-10-15", "language": "en" }, { "id": "S34", "title": "Netanyahu and Smotrich to send activists to polling stations in Arab communities", "url": "https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/elections/2026-10-15/ty-article/.premium/netanyahu-smotrich-to-send-activists-to-poll-stations-in-arab-communities/000001a1-3e4e-d1eb-abe1-7e7e83b90000", "publisher": "Haaretz", "type": "secondary", "bias_flag": "independent", "credibility": "medium", "date_accessed": "2026-10-15", "language": "en" } ] }